Academic Sources
Abele, Frances and Katherine A. H. Graham. 2011. “Federal Urban Aboriginal Policy: The Challenge of Viewing the Stars.” In The Urban Night Sky. Urban Aboriginal Policy Making in Canadian Municipalities, ed. Evelyn Peters. Montreal and Kingston: McGill Queen's University Press.
Abstract: NA
Abele, Frances and Michael J. Prince. 2003. “Aboriginal Governance and Canadian Federalism: A To-Do List for Canada.” In New Trends In Canadian Federalism, ed. Francois Rocher and Miriam Smith. Peterborough, ON, Broadview Press.
Abstract by author: “This second edition renews the promise of the first: it offers a fresh and comprehensive exploration of the complexity of Canadian federal politics. It begins with a comprehensive section on constitutional politics, which examines topics ranging from executive federalism to multiculturalism including new chapters on judicial review and the division of powers, Aboriginal governance and federalism, and the implication of treaty rights for self-governance. This is followed by seven chapters that both provide a select survey of public policy areas and explore the impact of federal-provincial relations on policy evolution and outcomes. Updated chapters on trade policy, labour policy, the environment, regionalism, and, of course, health care are all to be found, alongside new work on social assistance and Canadian federalism and federation in comparative perspective. Throughout, the book reveals the visions that have animated Canada's longstanding constitutional debates, the role of executive federalism and the courts in relation to the evolution of federalism, and the essential dynamism of policy development. Together they demonstrate that, despite the lack of a formal constitutional agreement, important changes are occurring in the Canadian federal system.”
Abu-Laban, Yasmeen. 2016.” Representing a Diverse Canada in Political Science: Power, Ideas and the Emergent Challenge of Reconciliation." European Political Science 15: 493—507.
Abstract by author: “This article examines Canadian political science and responses to diversity both in terms of who is included in the profession and their reported experiences. Utilizing extant national surveys, including from the Canadian Political Science Association, the findings show that in comparison to the 1970s, the profession today is clearly more “diverse” both in terms of its demographics, as well as what is researched and taught. This in turn relates to changing perspectives affecting policy, practice and research both in Canada and internationally. However, as will also be shown, there are evident and persistent structural inequities in the Canadian academy and the discipline of political science that have deep roots in Canada. Of particular importance in explaining these patterns is Canada’s foundation and legacy as a settler-colony, a feature thrown into sharp relief in light of current efforts at “reconciliation” between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Canadians. It is therefore argued that the state of diversity in Canadian political science needs to be understood in relation to both evolving ideas as well as the historical formation of the Canadian state and social power.”
https://link-springer-com.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/article/10.1057/s41304-016-0072-9
Alfred, Taiaiake and Jeff Corntassel. 2005. “Being Indigenous: Resurgences against Contemporary Colonialism." Government and Opposition 40, no. 4: 597—614.
Abstract by author: "In this article, we discuss strategies for resisting further encroachment on Indigenous existences by Settler societies and states – and as well multinational corporations and other elite organizations controlled by state powers and other elements of the imperial institutional network; and we focus on how Indigenous communities can regenerate themselves to resist the effects of the contemporary colonial assault and regenerate politically and culturally. We ask the fundamental question: how can we resist further dispossession and disconnection when the effects of colonial assaults on our own existences are so pronounced and still so present in the lives of all Indigenous peoples?"
Alfred, Taiaiake, Brock Pitawanakwat and Jackie Price. 2007. “The Meaning of Political Participation for Indigenous Youth: Charting the Course for Youth Civic and Political Participation." Canadian Policy Research Networks.
Abstract: NA
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.555.4162&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Altamirano-Jimenez, Isabel. 2008. “The Colonization and Decolonization of Indigenous Diversity. Lighting the Eighth Fire.” In The Liberation, Resurgence and Protection of Indigenous Nations, ed. Simpson, L. Winnipeg: Arbeiter Ring.
Abstract by author: "This remarkable collection of essays by leading Indigenous scholars focuses on the themes of freedom, liberation and Indigenous resurgence as they relate to the land. They analyze treaties, political culture, governance, environmental issues, economy, and radical social movements from an anti-colonial Indigenous perspective in a Canadian context."
Available at Scott Library and Leslie Frost Library
Altamirano-Jimenez, Isabel. 2015. “Neo-liberal Education, Indigenizing Universities?” Canadian Journal of Native Education 33(1): 28-45.
Abstract by author: "The focus of this article is to explore the limits of indigenizing the academy within the current context of university restructuring. Approaching the Indigenization of academia in the broader context of neo-liberalism is useful for several reasons: (1) to examine the ways in which educational reforms are being shaped and imagined by competing visions of what constitutes knowledge; (2) to explore how universities are not only responding to neo-liberal logics but also active participants in producing such logics; and (3) to analyze the impact that neo-liberalism has on resurgent knowledge.The article argues that the seemingly disparate pedagogical discourses that have been circulating in recent years in many universities do not indicate incoherence. Restructuring of education, internationalization, the focus on community, and Indigenization,among others, are part of new processes of subjectivization that are inseparable from neo-liberalism. Moving beyond the inevitability of neo-liberal governance and the flattening of difference involves making visible how discourses naturalize certain solutions and ideas about what is (im)possible."
https://ojs.library.ubc.ca/index.php/CJNE/article/view/196567
Altamirano-Jiménez, Isabel. 2014. “Nunavut: Arctic Homeland and Frontier.” In Indigenous Encounters with Neoliberalism: Place, Women and the Environment in Canada and Mexico. UBC Press, 2014.
Abstract: NA
Altamirano-Jiménez, Isabel. 2011. “Settler-Colonialism, Human Rights, and Indigenous Women.” Prairie Forum 36 : 105-125.
Abstract by author: "This article takes up settler colonialism as the framework to explore how the relationship between human rights law and imperialism conceals multi-layered experiences of dispossession, racialization and patriarchy. By emphasizing Eurocentric ideals, the human rights discourse operates to classify people and places that are both within and outside of the modernist notion of progress and humanity. Us, the focus of this article is the simultaneous character- ization of Aboriginal women as victims and high-risk subjects. rough an examination of matrimonial property law on reserve, and the disappeared and murdered Aboriginal women, this article shows how the rest view justies state intervention to save the “powerless woman,” victim of her culture, while the second view dehumanizes the objects of its gaze.
"
Amadahy, Zainab and Bonita Lawrence. 2010. “Indigenous Peoples and Black People in Canada: Settlers or Allies?" In Breaching the Colonial Contract. Anti-colonialism in the US and Canada. ed. Arlo Kempf. Springer.
Abstract provided by author: “This chapter has been created as the starting point of what will hopefully become an ongoing dialogue, between Black peoples and Native people in Canada, about relationships to this land, as Indigenous peoples and those who have experienced diaspora and settlement here. Its purpose is to clarify what the bases of relationships entail, in the interests of a deeper solidarity. This is particularly important in view of the ongoing struggles relating to the presence of Black citizens within Indigenous nations that have developed in different Native communities in the United States, struggles which represent only one site in which Native—Black relations are taking place globally.1 This chapter will, hopefully, offer some points of connection, and above all, be read with a good heart.”
Anaya, S. James. 2004. Indigenous Peoples in International Law (2nd). New York: Oxford University Press.
Abstract: NA
Andersen, Chris. 2014. Métis: Race, Recognition, and the Struggle for Indigenous Peoplehood. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.
Abstract provided by author: “This is book traces this racialization and its diminishing effects on Métis peoplehood in two sites that powerfully shape social classifications of what is usually referred to as “Métis identity”: the Supreme Court of Canada and the National Household Survey (NHS) that recently replaced Canada’s national census.”
Bagelman, Jen. 2015. “Blurring the Pipeline: Energizing an Account of the Urban.” International Political Sociology 9 (1): 101-105.
Abstract: NA
Baldwin, Andrew. 2009. “Carbon Nullius and Racial Rule: Race, Nature, and the Cultural Politics of Forest Carbon in Canada.” Antipode 41: 231-255.
Abstract by author: “Critical geographers have paid remarkably scant attention to issues of climate change, even less so to forest carbon management policy. Building on geographic debate concerning the ontological production of nature and race, this paper argues that at stake in the climate change debate are not simply questions of energy geopolitics or green production. Also at issue in the climate debate are powerful questions of identity, the national form and race. This paper considers how a particular slice of the climate debate – forest carbon management discourse pertaining to Canada's boreal forest – enacts a political geography of racial difference, one that seeks to accommodate an imagined mode of traditional aboriginal life to the exigencies of global climate change mitigation and, importantly, to a logic of global capital now well into its ecological phase.”
Barker, Adam J. 2015. “‘A Direct Act of Resurgence, a Direct Act of Sovereignty’: Reflections on Idle No More, Indigenous Activism, and Canadian Settler Colonialism.” Globalizations 12 (1): 43-65.
Abstract by author: “In the winter of 2012, the Canadian political scene was shaken by the emergence of ‘Idle No More', a collection of protests directed by and largely comprised of Indigenous peoples. Originally, a response to a variety of legislation that was being passed through the Canadian government at the time, Idle No More spread across the country and around the world. In this paper, I argue that, drawing from Indigenous nationhood movements that extend back through five centuries, Idle No More represents a renewed assertion of Indigenous sovereignty in opposition to settler colonisation. Through transgressive actions, Idle No More has brought online activism into alignment with embodied defences of land and place, challenging Canadian sovereignty and Settler identity in multiple and creative ways. However, settler colonial tendencies in Canadian politics have sought to reinscribe Idle No More within established, generic political binaries. This paper positions Idle No More as a ‘movement moment’ that reveals significant insights about Indigenous activism, conservative politics, leftist resistance, and persistent settler colonialism in Canada.”
Barker, A. J., T. Rollo, and E. Battel Lowman. 2017. Settler colonialism and the consolidation of Canada in the twentieth century. In E. Cavanagh and L. Veracini (eds.) The Routledge Handbook of the History of Settler Colonialism. London: Routledge. Available through York e-resources.
Abstract by author: “The Routledge Handbook of the History of Settler Colonialism examines the global history of settler colonialism as a distinct mode of domination from ancient times to the present day. It explores the ways in which new polities were established in freshly discovered ‘New Worlds’, and covers the history of many countries, including Australia, New Zealand, Israel, Japan, South Africa, Liberia, Algeria, Canada, and the USA. Chronologically as well as geographically wide-reaching, this volume focuses on an extensive array of topics and regions ranging from settler colonialism in the Neo-Assyrian and Roman empires, to relationships between indigenes and newcomers in New Spain and the early Mexican republic, to the settler-dominated polities of Africa during the twentieth century. Its twenty-nine inter-disciplinary chapters focus on single colonies or on regional developments that straddle the borders of present-day states, on successful settlements that would go on to become powerful settler nations, on failed settler colonies, and on the historiographies of these experiences. Taking a fundamentally international approach to the topic, this book analyses the varied experiences of settler colonialism in countries around the world. With a synthesizing yet original introduction, this is a landmark contribution to the emerging field of settler colonial studies and will be a valuable resource for anyone interested in the global history of imperialism and colonialism.”
Barker, Joanne. 2017. “Introduction: Critically Sovereign” In Critically Sovereign: Indigenous Gender, Sexuality and Feminist Studies. Durham: Duke University Press.
Abstract by author: “Critically Sovereign traces the ways in which gender is inextricably a part of Indigenous politics and U.S. and Canadian imperialism and colonialism. The contributors show how gender, sexuality, and feminism work as co-productive forces of Native American and Indigenous sovereignty, self-determination, and epistemology. Several essays use a range of literary and legal texts to analyze the production of colonial space, the biopolitics of "Indianness," and the collisions and collusions between queer theory and colonialism within Indigenous studies. Others address the U.S. government's criminalization of traditional forms of Diné marriage and sexuality, the Iñupiat people's changing conceptions of masculinity as they embrace the processes of globalization, Hawai'i's same-sex marriage bill, and stories of Indigenous women falling in love with non-human beings such as animals, plants, and stars. Following the politics of gender, sexuality, and feminism across these diverse historical and cultural contexts, the contributors question and reframe the thinking about Indigenous knowledge, nationhood, citizenship, history, identity, belonging, and the possibilities for a decolonial future.”
https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctv11smggj
Battiste, Marie Ann. 2013. Decolonizing Education: Nourishing the Learning Spirit. Saskatoon: Purich Publishing.
Abstract: NA
Berger, Thomas R. 1978. “The Mackenzie Valley Pipeline Inquiry,” Osgoode Hall Law Journal. 16 (3). 639 – 647.
Abstract: NA
https://digitalcommons.osgoode.yorku.ca/ohlj/vol16/iss3/5/
Bezamat-Mantes, Charlotte. 2018. “First Nations, Municipalities, and Urban Reserves.” In Looking Back and Living Forward: Indigenous Research Rising Up. Danvers, MA: Brill.
Abstract by author: “Looking Back and Living Forward: Indigenous Research Rising Up brings together research from a diverse group of scholars from a variety of disciplines. The work shared in this book is done by and with Indigenous peoples, from across Canada and around the world. Together, the collaborators’ voices resonate with urgency and insights towards resistance and resurgence. The various chapters address historical legacies, environmental concerns, community needs, wisdom teachings, legal issues, personal journeys, educational implications, and more. In these offerings, the contributors share the findings from their literature surveys, document analyses, community-based projects, self-studies, and work with knowledge keepers and elders. The scholarship draws on the teachings of the past, experiences of the present, and will undoubtedly inform research to come.”
Blackstock, Cindy. 2016. “Social Movements and the Law: Addressing Engrained Government Based Racial Discrimination against Indigenous Children." Indigenous Law Bulletin.
Abstract: NA
https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/stable/26423299?sid=primo&seq=1
Bohaker, Heidi and Franca lacovetta. 2009. “Making Aboriginal People ‘Immigrants Too': A Comparison of Citizenship Programs for Newcomers and Indigenous Peoples in Postwar Canada, 1940s—1960s.” The Canadian Historical Review 9(3): 427-461.
Abstract by author: “Canadian citizenship is a young official category of belonging, and the relationship of Aboriginal people to that category remains contested ground: scholars debate the legal status of First Nations people within the Canadian state while other academics and First Nations leaders note that these nations never ceded their sovereignty to a foreign colonial state. While such debates have deep historic roots, more recent post-1945 government policies and programs reveal the extent to which Aboriginal peoples continued to be seen as outsiders who need to be assimilated to the ‘mainstream.’ As a historical contribution to these ongoing debates, this paper explores efforts to create a distinct and common Canadian citizenship in the years after the Second World War when, as a follow-up to the passage of the 1947 Canadian Citizenship Act, the federal government strategically chose to combine its management of immigrant admissions, reception, and citizenship with its Indian Affairs policies under the rubric of one new federal ministry, the Department of Citizenship and Immigration (DCI). From 1950 until 1966, the Indian Affairs branch was located in the DCI, where its activities were heavily modelled after the citizenship campaigns being developed for immigrants within the DCI’s Canadian Citizenship Branch. This paper reveals the ways in which ministry officials and their network of public and private groups and agencies aimed to create a one-size-fits-all category of societal Canadian citizenship. To do so they deliberately constructed Aboriginal peoples as ‘immigrants too’ and targeted both ‘Canada’s original inhabitants’ and newly arrived European refugees and immigrants with similar ‘Canadianization’ programs. The analysis of the programs targeting both groups highlights the similarities (for example, both Natives and newcomers were constructed as outsiders who needed to adopt dominant middle-class Canadian social and moral codes and pro-capitalist values) and the differences (for example, the immigrant campaigns were more tolerant of cultural differences than the Aboriginal campaigns that, despite their seemingly progressive rhetoric, effectively continued earlier assimilationist policies) as well as their gendered and class features. In offering this comparative analysis between these twinned postwar campaigns, the paper brings together two histories, Aboriginal and immigrant, that have usually been studied in isolation from each other.”
https://muse-jhu-edu.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/article/316899
Borrows, John. 1997. “Wampum at Niagara: The Royal Proclamation, Canadian Legal History, and Self-Government.” In Aboriginal Treaty Rights in Canada: Essays of Law, Equality, and Respect for Difference, ed. Michael Asch. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.
Abstract: NA
Borrows, John. 2010. Canada’s Indigenous Constitution. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Abstract: NA
Borrows, John. 2016. Freedom and Indigenous Constitutionalism. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Abstract by author: “Indigenous traditions can be uplifting, positive, and liberating forces when they are connected to living systems of thought and practice. Problems arise when they are treated as timeless models of unchanging truth that require unwavering deference and unquestioning obedience. Freedom and Indigenous Constitutionalism celebrates the emancipatory potential of Indigenous traditions, considers their value as the basis for good laws and good lives, and critiques the failure of Canadian constitutional traditions to recognize their significance. Demonstrating how Canada's constitutional structures marginalize Indigenous peoples' ability to exercise power in the real world, John Borrows uses Ojibwe law, stories, and principles to suggest alternative ways in which Indigenous peoples can work to enhance freedom. Among the stimulating issues he approaches are the democratic potential of civil disobedience, the hazards of applying originalism rather than living tree jurisprudence in the interpretation of Aboriginal and treaty rights, American legislative actions that could also animate Indigenous self-determination in Canada, and the opportunity for Indigenous governmental action to address violence against women.”
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/york/detail.action?docID=4669784
Bouvier, Noelle and Ryan Walker. 2018. “Indigenous Planning and Municipal Governance: Lessons from the Transformative Frontier.” Canadian Public Administration 61(1): 130-34.
Abstract by author: “There is a noticeable comfort emerging within planning and municipal governance when it comes to acknowledging that our cities are on Indige- nous lands, often referred to as Indigenous traditional territories or home- lands. But beyond that basic recognition, municipalities still do a poor job overall of making space for Indigenous sovereignty, worldviews, pro- cesses, and protocols in the shared space of the city. With the goal of improving upon the present state of affairs, this article reviews six pieces of literature demonstrating ways in which municipalities are currently work- ing with local Indigenous communities, including: land use planning, stra- tegic planning initiatives, Indigenous relations offices and advisory committees, urban design, and new urban reserves. It also offers ideas to steer future research toward what are arguably among the greatest chal- lenges faced by practitioners aiming to achieve more equitable municipal- Indigenous relations in the shared space of Canadian cities.”
Bravo, Michael T. 2014. “Arctic Science, Nation Building and Citizenship” In Northern Exposure: Peoples, Powers and Prospects in Canada’s North, Fifth Printing, ed. Frances Abele, Thomas J. Courchene, F. Leslie Seidle and France St- Hilaire. Montréal: The Institute for Research on Public Policy.
Abstract by author: “The result of a wide-ranging IRPP research program, this multidisciplinary volume explores the following themes: Canada in the circumpolar world - environmental, scientific and foreign-policy dimensions; First Nations, Inuit and public governance; economic development - enterprise, sustainable development and communities; sustaining people - education and human capital; and developing a northern policy for the future. Public policy specialists review the implications of the unprecedented changes in governance that have taken place in the three territories and in Aboriginal communities in northern Quebec and Labrador over the past three decades and analyze challenges that must be faced in order to strengthen economic development and quality of life for northern residents. Contributions from Inuit and First Nations leaders, former territorial premiers, and Aboriginal youth activists add further depth and perspective.”
Bruyneel, Kevin. 2012. “Political Science and the Study of Indigenous Politics.”
Abstract: NA
https://www.academia.edu/3635109/Political_Science_and_the_Study_of_Indigenous_Politics
Castellano, Marlene Brant, Linda Archibald, et al., (eds). 2008. From Truth to Reconciliation. Transforming the Legacy of Residential Schools. Ottawa: Aboriginal Healing Foundation.
Abstract: NA
Christie, Gordon. 2014.”‘Obligations,’ Decolonization and Indigenous Rights to Governance." Canadian Journal of Law and Jurisprudence 27(1): 259-282.
Abstract by author: “Many contemporary Indigenous communities in Canada assert an ability to make fundamental authoritative decisions about what is acceptable use of their territories. I focus on the question of legal obligations that might befall the Crown in its relationships with these communities and their claims. I argue that any such obligations must be seen as culturally and contextually specific, not only in the sense that particular Crown obligations take on content and form within the context of the culture within which the Canadian legal system has emerged but also in the sense that this non-Indigenous culture and history generate the very meaning of the notion of ‘obligation’ here at play. This culturally determined meaning functions to make it extremely difficult to make sense of the notion the Crown actually has legal obligations in relation to Indigenous assertions of authority over territories.”
Coburn, Elaine. 2016. "Theorizing Colonialism and Indigenous Liberation: Contemporary Indigenous Scholarship from Lands Claimed by Canada." Studies in Political Economy 97(3): 285-307.
Abstract by author: “This essay makes the case for historical materialist scholars in universities across lands claimed by Canada to have serious engagement with Indigenous scholarship. Diverse Indigenous scholars theorize material dispossession by the Canadian state, by capital, and by non-Indigenous peoples; deconstruct dehumanizing ideologies in popular Canadian media and academic writing; and describe and analyze Indigenous resilience (survival), resistance (decolonization), and resurgence (existential self-determination). The conclusions suggest potential new collaborations across historical materialist and Indigenous scholarship in the Canadian academy.”
Coburn, Veldon. 2017. “Indigenous People and the Constitution Conversation.” Policy Options.
Abstract by author: “If Trudeau doesn't want to have a conversation about the Constitution, how does he envision a renewed nation-to-nation relationship with Indigenous people?”
Corntassel, Jeff and Cindy Holder. 2008. “Who’s Sorry Now? Government Apologies, Truth Commissions, and Indigenous Self-Determination in Australia, Canada, Guatemala, and Peru.” Human Rights Review 9: 465-489.
Abstract by author: “Official apologies and truth commissions are increasingly utilized as mechanisms to address human rights abuses. Both are intended to transform inter-group relations by marking an end point to a history of wrongdoing and providing the means for political and social relations to move beyond that history. However, state-dominated reconciliation mechanisms are inherently problematic for indigenous communities. In this paper, we examine the use of apologies, and truth and reconciliation commissions in four countries with significant indigenous populations: Canada, Australia, Peru, and Guatemala. In each case, the reconciliation mechanism differentiated the goal of reconciliation from an indigenous self-determination agenda. The resulting state-centered strategies ultimately failed to hold states fully accountable for past wrongs and, because of this, failed to transform inter-group relations.”
Coulthard, Glen. 2013. “For Our Nations to Live, Capitalism Must Die.” Unsettling America: Decolonizing Theory and Practice. https://unsettlingamerica.wordpress.com/2013/11/05/for-our-nations-to-live-capitalism-must-die/ (January 22, 2019).
Abstract: NA
https://unsettlingamerica.wordpress.com/2013/11/05/for-our-nations-to-live-capitalism-must-die/
Coulthard, Glen. 2014. Red Skin, White Masks: Rejecting the Colonial Politics of Recognition. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Book description by publisher: “Over the past forty years, recognition has become the dominant mode of negotiation and decolonization between the nation-state and Indigenous nations in North America. The term "recognition" shapes debates over Indigenous cultural distinctiveness, Indigenous rights to land and self-government, and Indigenous peoples' right to benefit from the development of their lands and resources. In a work of critically engaged political theory, Glen Sean Coulthard challenges recognition as a method of organizing difference and identity in liberal politics, questioning the assumption that contemporary difference and past histories of destructive colonialism between the state and Indigenous peoples can be reconciled through a process of acknowledgment. Beyond this, Coulthard examines an alternative politics-one that seeks to revalue, reconstruct, and redeploy Indigenous cultural practices based on self-recognition rather than on seeking appreciation from the very agents of colonialism. Coulthard demonstrates how a "place-based" modification of Karl Marx's theory of "primitive accumulation" throws light on Indigenous-state relations in settler-colonial contexts and how Frantz Fanon's critique of colonial recognition shows that this relationship reproduces itself over time. This framework strengthens his exploration of the ways that the politics of recognition has come to serve the interests of settler-colonial power. In addressing the core tenets of Indigenous resistance movements, like Red Power and Idle No More, Coulthard offers fresh insights into the politics of active decolonization.”
https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/stable/10.5749/j.ctt9qh3cv
Coulthard, Glen. 2010. “Place Against Empire: Understanding Indigenous Anti-Colonialism.” Affinities: A Journal of Radical Theory, Culture, and Action 4, no. 2: 79-83.
Abstract by author: “This article examines the role that "place" plays in radical Indigenous activism from the perspective of my community, the Dene Nation. I argue that, although Indigenous peoples' senses of place have been worn by centuries of colonial-capitalist displacement, they still serve as an orienting framework that guides radical Indigenous activism today and offers a way of thinking about relations within and between peoples and the natural world built on principles of reciprocity and freedom.”
https://ojs.library.queensu.ca/index.php/affinities/article/view/6141
Coyle, Michael. 2017. “As Long as the Sun Shines: Recognizing That the Treaties Were Intended to Last” In The Right Relationship: Reimagining the Implementation of Historical Treaties, ed. John Borrows and Michael Coyle, Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Book description by publisher: “The relationship between Canada's Indigenous peoples and the Canadian government is one that has increasingly come to the fore. Numerous tragic incidents and a legacy of historical negligence combined with more vehement calls for action is forcing a reconsideration of the relationship between the federal government and Indigenous nations. In The Right Relationship, John Borrows and Michael Coyle bring together a group of renowned scholars, both indigenous and non-indigenous, to cast light on the magnitude of the challenges Canadians face in seeking a consensus on the nature of treaty partnership in the twenty-first century. The diverse perspectives offered in this volume examine how Indigenous people's own legal and policy frameworks can be used to develop healthier attitudes between First Peoples and settler governments in Canada. While considering the existing law of Aboriginal and treaty rights, the contributors imagine what these relationships might look like if those involved pursued our highest aspirations as Canadians and Indigenous peoples. This timely and authoritative volume provides answers that will help pave the way toward good governance for all.”
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/york/detail.action?docID=4825649
Culhane, Dara. 2003. “Their Spirits Live within Us: Aboriginal Women in Downtown Eastside Vancouver Emerging into Visibility.” American Indian Quarterly 27 (3/4): 593-606.
Abstract: NA
https://muse-jhu-edu.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/article/174608
Daschuk, James. 2013. Clearing the Plains: Disease, Politics of Starvation, and the Loss of Aboriginal Life. Regina: University of Regina Press.
Abstract: NA
Deloria, V. 1981. “Native Americans: the American Indian Today.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 453 (1): 139-149.
Abstract by author: “American Indians have finally emerged into public consciousness as a distinct minority group. Both government policies in the postwar decades and personal choices have produced a large urban Indian population and have increased economic and political opportunities for reser vation Indians. The social welfare programs of the sixties were in general ill-conceived because they were amendments to larger pieces of national legislation and were often unsuited to the needs and capabilities of reservation Indians. Edu cation in particular has become a mixture of programs that serves few Indians well. Higher education has become a routine and badly administered field that produces little of value for American Indians. Recent political slogans such as tribal sovereignty have made some inroads into the traditional federal relationship, but in general the term has been mis understood and misused. Energy needs have made Indian natural resources an important area for Indian concern. Two basic philosophies compete to attract Indian allegiance: development according to traditional means with royalty income and futuristic agricultural projects that create mini mum disruption and exploitation. Indians stand at the cross roads in identifying and establishing their relationship to the institutions of the larger society.”
Dhamoon, Rita Kaur. 2015. “A Feminist Approach to Decolonizing Anti-Racism: Rethinking Transnationalism, Intersectionality, and Settler-Colonialism.” Feral Feminisms 4 : 20-38.
Abstract by author: “In this paper, I consider three organizing concepts that prompt challenges to decolonizing anti-racist feminism: intersectionality raises questions about how far this lens can go beyond identity and left-liberal discourse to address issues of class inequity; transnationalism prompts issues about whether the nation is a site of liberation or oppression; and settler colonialism raises questions about how best to navigate power differentials within the margins. By putting feminist, critical race, and Indigenous approaches into conversation, I contend that we must rethink the concepts of transnationalism, intersectionality, and settler colonialism in the service of dismantling manifestations of settler-colonialism.”
Dhamoon, Rita. 2006. “Shifting from 'Culture' to 'The Cultural': Critical Theorizing of Identity/Difference Politics." Constellations 13 no. 3: 354-373.
Abstract: NA
Dubois, Janique and Kelly Saunders. 2013. "Just Do It!" Carving out a Space for the Métis in Canadian Federalism." Canadian Journal of Political Science 46(1): 187-214.
Abstract: NA
https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/stable/43298128?sid=primo&seq=1
Eberts, Mary. 2014. “Victoria’s Secret: How to Make Population of Prey.” In Indivisible: Indigenous Human Rights, ed. Joyce Green. Halifax and Winnipeg: Fernwood Press.
Book description by publisher: “Indigenous rights are generally conceptualized and advocated separately from the human rights framework. The contributors to Indivisible: Indigenous Human Rights, however, deftly and powerfully argue that Indigenous rights are in fact human rights and that the fundamental human rights of Indigenous people cannot be protected without the inclusion of their Indigenous rights, which are suppressed and oppressed by the forces of racism and colonialism. Drawing on a wealth of experience and blending critical theoretical frameworks and a close knowledge of domestic and international law on human rights, the authors in this collection show that settler states such as Canada persist in violating and failing to acknowledge Indigenous human rights. Furthermore, settler states are obligated to respect and animate these rights, despite the evident tensions in political and economic interests between elite capitalists, settler citizens and Indigenous peoples.”
Available at Scott Library and Leslie Frost Library
Eve Tuck and Wayne Yang. 2012.“Decolonization is Not a Metaphor.” Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society 1 (1).
Abstract by author: “Our goal in this article is to remind readers what is unsettling about decolonization. Decolonization brings about the repatriation of Indigenous land and life; it is not a metaphor for other things we want to do to improve our societies and schools. The easy adoption of decolonizing discourse by educational advocacy and scholarship, evidenced by the increasing number of calls to “decolonize our schools,” or use “decolonizing methods,” or, “decolonize student thinking”, turns decolonization into a metaphor. As important as their goals may be, social justice, critical methodologies, or approaches that decenter settler perspectives have objectives that may be incommensurable with decolonization. Because settler colonialism is built upon an entangled triad structure of settler-native-slave, the decolonial desires of white, non-white, immigrant, postcolonial, and oppressed people, can similarly be entangled in resettlement, reoccupation, and reinhabitation that actually further settler colonialism. The metaphorization of decolonization makes possible a set of evasions, or “settler moves to innocence”, that problematically attempt to reconcile settler guilt and complicity, and rescue settler futurity. In this article, we analyze multiple settler moves towards innocence in order to forward “an ethic of incommensurability” that recognizes what is distinct and what is sovereign for project(s) of decolonization in relation to human and civil rights based social justice projects. We also point to unsettling themes within transnational/Third World decolonizations, abolition, and critical space-place pedagogies, which challenge the coalescence of social justice endeavors, making room for more meaningful potential alliances.”
https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/des/issue/view/1234
Fiske, Jo-Anne. 2008. “Constitutionalizing the Space to Be Aboriginal Women.” In Aboriginal Self-Government in Canada: Current Trends and Issues, ed. Belanger, Yale. Saskatoon: Purich.
Abstract: NA
Available at Leslie Frost Library and Osgoode Hall School Library
Forbes, J. 1998. “The Urban Tradition among Native Americans.”American Indian Culture and Research Journal, 22(4): 15-27.
Abstract: NA
Friedland, Hadley and Val Napoleon. 2015. “Gathering the Threads: Developing a Methodology for Researching and Rebuilding Indigenous Legal Traditions.” Lakehead Law Journal 1, no. 1: 16-44.4.
Abstract: NA
Gaudry, Adam and Danielle Lorenz. 2018. "Indigenization as Inclusion, Reconciliation, and Decolonization: Navigating the Different Visions for Indigenizing the Canadian Academy." AlterNative, Vol. 14(3):218—227.
Abstract by author: “Following the release of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada’s Calls to Action, Canadian universities and colleges have felt pressured to indigenize their institutions. What “indigenization” has looked like, however, has varied significantly. Based on the input from an anonymous online survey of 25 Indigenous academics and their allies, we assert that indigenization is a three-part spectrum. On one end is Indigenous inclusion, in the middle reconciliation indigenization, and on the other end decolonial indigenization. We conclude that despite using reconciliatory language, post-secondary institutions in Canada focus predominantly on Indigenous inclusion. We offer two suggestions of policy and praxis—treaty-based decolonial indigenization and resurgence-based decolonial indigenization—to demonstrate a way toward more just Canadian academy.”
https://journals-sagepub-com.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/doi/full/10.1177/1177180118785382
Gaudry, Adam. 2017. “An Interview with Dr. Adam Gaudry.”
Abstract: NA
https://ualbertaicr.wordpress.com/interview-with-dr-adam-gaudry/
Gehl, Lynn. 2017. Claiming Anishinaabe: Decolonizing the Spirit. Regina: University of Regina Press.
Book description by publisher: “Denied her Indigenous status, Lynn Gehl has been fighting her entire life to reclaim mino-pimadiziwin--the good life. Exploring Anishinaabeg philosophy and Anishinaabeg conceptions of truth, Gehl shows how she came to locate her spirit and decolonize her identity, thereby becoming, in her words, "fully human. " Gehl also provides a harsh critique of Canada and takes on important anti-colonial battles, including sex discrimination in the Indian Act and the destruction of sacred places.”
Available at Scott Library
Green, Joyce. 2001. “Transforming at the Margins of the Academy.” In Pushing the Margins: Native and Northern Studies, eds. Jill Oakes et al. Manitoba: University of Manitoba, Native Studies Press.
Abstract: NA
Available at Scott Library
https://www.worldcat.org/title/pushing-the-margins-native-and-northern-studies/oclc/53019326
Green, Joyce. 2005. “Self-determination, Citizenship, and Federalism: Indigenous and Canadian Palimpsest." In Reconfiguring Aboriginal-State Relations, ed. Michael Murphy. Queen’s University: Institute of Intergovernmental Relations, School of Policy Studies.
Abstract: NA
Green, Joyce. 2016. “Enacting Reconciliation.”
Abstract: NA
Green, Joyce. 2017. “Taking More Account of Indigenous Feminism.” In Making Space for Indigenous Feminism, 2nd Edition, ed Joyce Green. Halifax: Fernwood Publishing.
Book description by publisher: “The first edition of Making Space for Indigenous Feminism proposed that Indigenous feminism was a valid and indeed essential theoretical and activist position, and introduced a roster of important Indigenous feminist contributors. This new edition builds on the success and research of the first and provides updated and new chapters that cover a wide range of some of the most important issues facing Indigenous peoples today: violence against women, recovery of Indigenous self-determination, racism, misogyny and decolonization. Specifically, new chapters deal with Indigenous resurgence, feminism amongst the Sami and in Aboriginal Australia, neoliberal restructuring in Oaxaca, Canada’s settler racism and sexism, and missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls in Canada. Written by Indigenous feminists and allies, this book provides a powerful and original intellectual and political contribution demonstrating that feminism has much to offer Indigenous women, and all Indigenous peoples, in their struggles against oppression.”
Available at Scott Library
https://fernwoodpublishing.ca/book/making-space-for-indigenous-feminism693
Green, Joyce. 2017. “The Impossibility of Citizenship Liberation for Indigenous People.” In Citizenship in Transnational Perspective: Australia, Canada, and New Zealand, ed. Jatinder Mann. Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 175-188.
Abstract by author: “Citizenship is considered an evolving normative good, a relationship between citizen and state that has produced greater degrees of democratic involvement and accountability and of state commitment to citizen well-being, including human rights. Yet for Indigenous peoples, states are fundamentally agents of oppression, maintaining an imposed and illegitimate sovereignty against Indigenous peoples through a colonial settler order legitimated by racist myths and policy. The kinder gentler colonialism of equitable inclusion in state citizenship is definitively incorporation into, not liberation from, the settler state.”
Green, Joyce. (with Mike Burton). 2016. “Twelve Steps to Post-Colonial Reconciliation.” In Wrongs to Rights: How Churches Can Engage the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Winnipeg: Mennonite Church of Canada.
Book description by publisher: “Honouring the call of Indigenous peoples from around the world, Canada’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission has specifically summoned, not only the State, but all churches to embrace the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. But what is the Declaration? And how might it gift and reorient Christian faith and practice?”
https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/30297618-wrongs-to-rights
Green, Joyce. 2006. “From Stonechild to Social Cohesion: Anti-Racist Challenges for Saskatchewan,” Canadian Journal of Political Science Vol. 39(3): 507-552.
Abstract by author: “In this article, I study the conclusions of Mr. Justice David Wright's report on the inquiry into the death of Neil Stonechild, and discuss the incident in the context of Aboriginal-settler relations in Saskatchewan. I view these exemplars of the racism in Saskatchewan's, and Canada's, political culture. I argue that the processes of colonialism are the impulse for the racist ideology that is now encoded in social, political, economic, academic and cultural institutions and practices, and which functions to maintain the status quo of white dominance. Confronting systemic and institutional racism, and de- and re-constructing political culture, are essential for social health and for the possibility of a post-colonial future. Given Saskatchewan's demographic trajectory, which indicates a majority Aboriginal population in the near future, failure to deal with white racism will guarantee social stresses between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal populations, damaging the province's economic and social viability into the future. Therefore, a proactive, self-reflective, anti-racist policy and a strategy for building public support should be a priority for any Saskatchewan government. Social cohesion, a necessary condition for a healthy citizenship regime and a notion of considerable interest to provincial and federal politicians and to academics, cannot be constructed without tackling racism. I conclude by suggesting that decolonization is the necessary political project to eradicate the kinds of systemic practices that arguably killed Neil Stonechild and others.”
Green, Joyce. 1995. “Towards a Detente with History: Confronting Canada's Colonial Legacy” International Journal of Canadian Studies 12.
Abstract: NA
http://iportal.usask.ca/index.php?sid=691764455&id=45168&t=details
Green, Shirley. 2017. “Looking Back, Still Looking Forward.” In Making Space for Indigenous Feminism, 2nd Edition, ed. Joyce Green, ed. Halifax: Fernwood Publishing, pp. 274-293.
Abstract: NA
Available at Scott Library
Grey, Sam and Alison James. 2016. “Truth, Reconciliation, and Double Settler Denial: Gendering the Canada-South Africa Analogy." Human Rights Review.
Abstract by author: “Appeals to the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) haunt most post-1990s institutional attempts to address historical injustice. Comparing Canada and South Africa, Nagy (2012) notes that “loose analogizing” has hampered the application of important lessons from the South African to the Canadian TRC—namely, the discovery that “narrow approaches to truth collude with superficial views of reconciliation that deny continuities of violence.” Taking up her important specification of the Canada-South Africa analogy, we expand Nagy’s recent findings by gendering the continuum of settler colonial violence in both locations and by outlining the implications of these TRCs for Indigenous and Black women in particular. In both the Canadian attempt to grapple with the legacy of residential schools and the South African effort to deal with a history of apartheid, institutional approaches to truth have been both narrowand androcentric. The simultaneous historical bounding and social consolidation of Indigenous experiences of abuse and injustice has thus produced a “double settler denial.”
Hall, Thomas D. and James V. Fenelon. 2009. Indigenous Peoples and Globalization: Resistance and Revitalization. Boulder: Paradigm.
Abstract by author: “The issues native peoples face intensify with globalization. Through case studies from around the world, Hall and Fenelon demonstrate how indigenous peoples? movements can only be understood by linking highly localized processes with larger global and historical forces. The authors show that indigenous peoples have been resisting and adapting to encounters with states for millennia. Unlike other antiglobalization activists, indigenous peoples primarily seek autonomy and the right to determine their own processes of adaptation and change, especially in relationship to their origin lands and community. The authors link their analyses to current understandings of the evolution of globalization.”
Hanson, Cindy. 2016. “Gender, Justice, and the Indian Residential School Claims Process.” International Indigenous Policy Journal 7(1): 3-16.
Abstract by author: “Survivors of Indian Residential Schools in Canada are involved in one of the largest compensation processes in the world. A significant component in the Indian Residential School Settlement Agreement (IRSSA) is the Independent Assessment Process (IAP), an out-of-court process aimed at resolving claims related to serious physical and sexual abuse suffered at residential schools. This article discusses a community-university research collaboration, which set out to explore how women involved in the IAP, including Survivors, support workers, lawyers, and adjudicators, understood the capacity of the model to facilitate healing. The results suggest attention to several aspects of policy development including representations of the body and sexuality, impacts of child abuse and trauma, and colonial histories of power and control, in addition to healing and training strategies.”
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1858126795?OpenUrlRefId=info:xri/sid:primo&accountid=15182
Henry, Frances, Enakshi Dua, Audrey Kobayashi, Carl James, Peter Li, Howard Ramos & Malinda S. Smith. 2017. “Race, Racialization and Indigeneity in Canadian Universities", Race Ethnicity and Education, Volume 20, Issue 3: 300-314.
Abstract by author: “This article is based on data from a four-year national study of racialization and Indigeneity at Canadian universities. Its main conclusion is that whether one examines representation in terms of numbers of racialized and Indigenous faculty members and their positioning within the system, their earned income as compared to white faculty, their daily life experiences within the university as workplace, or interactions with colleagues and students, the results are more or less the same. Racialized and Indigenous faculty and the disciplines or areas of their expertise are, on the whole, low in numbers and even lower in terms of power, prestige, and influence within the University.”
Heritz, Joanne. 2018. “From self-determination to Service Delivery: Assessing Indigenous Inclusion in Municipal Governance in Canada." Canadian Public Administration 61(4): 596-615.
Abstract by author: “Over half of Canada's Indigenous identity population reside in urban centres. Despite their growing numbers, Indigenous Peoples remain under represented in municipal government. While it has been argued that all levels of government have responsibility for urban Indigenous Peoples, neither the federal government nor the provinces have provided direction regarding their representation in urban centres. The local response to urban Indigenous input has emerged over the past ten years in the form of Aboriginal advisory boards in some municipalities. While these nascent entities provide a bridge to Indigenous Peoples to access municipal government, they fall short of providing them with governance models recommended in various consultations with Indigenous Peoples over the past twenty years. This article argues that over time models of representation are being overshadowed by policies of service delivery for urban Indigenous Peoples in Canada.”
Hern, Matt and Am Johal with Joe Sacco. 2018. “Fort McMurray: Dene, Woodland Cree, and Chipewyan Territories” In Global Warming and the Sweetness of Life: A Tar Sands Tale. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Abstract: NA
https://www.torontopubliclibrary.ca/detail.jsp?Entt=RDM3697633&R=3697633
Hewitt, Jeffery G. 2017. “Decolonizing and Indigenizing: Some Considerations for Law Schools." Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice 33 (1): 65—84.
Abstract by author: “The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada [TRC] identified law schools as a site of ongoing colonization and specifically called upon law schools to change in a variety of ways – from instituting mandatory courses relating to Indigenous Peoples to reconceptualizing the institution of law schools themselves. This article considers whether “Indigenizing” curriculum is coming at the expense of addressing the need to decolonize law schools as institutions. The author argues that both Indigenizing and decolonizing are a vital coupling if full meaning is to be given to the TRC’s Calls to Action. Though the process is complicated and ripe with challenge, listening to and working with Indigenous peoples is essential if law schools really seek fundamental change.”
Holder, Cindy L. and Jeff J. Corntassel. 2002. "Indigenous Peoples and Multicultural Citizenship: Bridging Collective and Individual Rights." Human Rights Quarterly 24.1: 126-151.
Abstract: NA
https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/stable/20069591?sid=primo&seq=1
Hoogoveen, Dawn. 2015. “Sub-Surface Property, Free-Entry Mineral Staking and Settler-Colonialism in Canada." Antipode 47, no. 1: 121-138.
Abstract by author: “This article examines mineral rights and claim staking in northern Canada, with a focus on settler colonialism and how liberal understandings of property are embedded in the legal geography of the right to explore for minerals. The history of these legal systems is explained through the “free‐entry” principle understood as the right to stake a mineral claim without consulting with private landholders or Indigenous peoples. Free‐entry debate highlights how ideologies of property are assumed neutral through staking regulations. Based on an analysis of interviews with key informants involved in mining regulation, I analyze the geographic stratification of land into two categories, above and below the surface, as an avenue to understand how dominant ideologies of property reveal a critical site of contestation.”
Horn-Miller, Kahente. 2013. “What does Indigenous Participatory Democracy Look Like? Kahnawà:ke’s Decision Making Process.” Review of Constitutional Studies 18(1): 111-132.
Abstract by author: “With the 1979 Community Mandate to move towards Traditional Government, the community of Kahnawa:ke has consistently requested more involvement in decision-making on issues that affect the community as a whole. The Kahnawa:ke Community Decision Making Process is a response to the community's call for a more culturally relevant and inclusive process for making community decisions and enacting community laws. The Process is a transitionary measure to assist and facilitate the legislative function of Kahnawa:ke governance. This paper examines the development of the process and how it functions in the modern setting of Kahnawa:ke with the goal of illustrating Indigenous participatory democracy in action.”
“How the Death of Coulten Boushie Became Recast as the Story of a Knight Protecting his Castle." 2018. The Globe and Mail. February 13.
Abstract: NA
Hugill, David. 2017. "What is a settler-colonial City?" Geography Compass 11 (5).
Abstract by author: “What is a “settler-colonial city” and how does it differ from other forms of imperial urban spatial organization? This article seeks to answer these questions by attempting to urbanize recent insights in settler-colonial theory. It begins by considering well-established theorizations of the “colonial city”—particularly those developed by geographers and urbanists in the 1970s and 1980s—in order to assess their suitability for analyses of contemporary settler-colonial milieu. Building on this discussion, the paper asks if and how the insights of settler-colonial theory offer new opportunities to renovate earlier theorizations in ways that are more explicitly relevant to making sense of the urban process in North America and other societies where colonists have “come to stay” and no formal process of decolonization has unfolded.”
https://compass-onlinelibrary-wiley-com.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/doi/full/10.1111/gec3.12315
Huhndorf, Shari M. and Cheryl Suzack. 2010. “Indigenous Feminism: Theorizing the Issues” In Indigenous Women and Feminism: Politics, Activism, Culture, eds Cheryl Suzack, Shari Huhndorf, Jeanne Perreault, and Jean Barman,Toronto: UBC Press.
Abstract: NA
Hunt, Sarah and Cindy Holmes. 2015. "Everyday Decolonization: Living a Decolonizing Queer Politics." Journal of Lesbian Studies 19(2):154-172.
Abstract by author: “This article is a joint exploration of what decolonization looks like in everyday interactions within our partnerships, families, and friendships on unceded Coast Salish territories. Stories from the authors—two cisgender queer women, one of whom is Indigenous and one of whom is a White settler—highlight intimate practices of allyship and decolonization that are often made invisible when activism is seen as only taking place in “public” spaces such as community coalitions. The tensions and possibilities within these intimate geographies of allyship comprise a decolonial queer praxis that is materialized in the spatial relations of our homes and families.”
Iacobbuci, Frank. “Part III: The Jury System and First Nations: Past and Present” in First Nations Representation on Ontario Juries: Report of the Independent Review Conducted by The Honourable Frank Iacobbuci. 19 – 52.
Abstract: NA
Irlbacher-Fox, Stephanie. 2009. Finding Dahshaa: Self-Government, Social Suffering, and Aboriginal Policy in Canada. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.
Abstract: NA
Irlbacher-Fox, Stephanie. 2014. “Traditional knowledge, co-existence and co-resistance.” Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society 3(3): 145-158.
Abstract: NA
https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/des/article/view/22236/18046
James, Matt. 2012. “A Carnival of Truth? Knowledge, Ignorance and the Canadian Truth and Reconciliation Commission," International Journal of Transitional Justice.
Abstract by author: “This article examines the ongoing work of the Canadian Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), which is charged with addressing that country’s past policy of attempting forcibly to assimilate indigenous children in residential schools. It examines the TRC’s mandate and its activities while assessing the Commission’s conceptions of truth and reconciliation by placing these ideas in their societal context and explaining how they appear to have been produced. As the article shows, these conceptions reflect the prior struggles of victims against particular Canadian forms of indifference and denial, struggles that have led the TRC to take what recent literature calls a ‘victim-centred’ and, following Mikhail Bakhtin and Teresa Phelps, ‘carnivalesque’ approach. Despite the TRC’s impressive strengths, the author argues that its approach unfortunately fosters the absence of a more detailed and accountability-promoting examination of the agents and institutions responsible for the injustices. Ultimately, this article is about the underlying sociology of knowledge production that shapes the Canadian TRC.”
https://academic-oup-com.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/ijtj/article/6/2/182/2357080
James, Matt. 2017. “Changing the Subject: The TRC, its National Events, and the Displacement of Substantive Reconciliation in Canadian Media Representations." Journal of Canadian Studies 51:2 362-397.
Abstract by author: “The findings and recommendations of the Indian Residential Schools Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC, 2008-2015) offer Canadians and their public institutions an opportunity to better confront the ongoing injustice of their colonial relationship with Indigenous peoples, but this task requires also assessing the specific contributions of the TRC. The specific contribution in which this article is interested is the discourse of reconciliation that the commission has made Canada’s master keyword for debating Indigenous-settler relations. The article analyzes representations of reconciliation in the mainstream Canadian print media before and over the life of the commission, concluding that the commission during its national events did much to promote a relatively quiescent notion of reconciliation that in fact displaced conceptions with more substantive connotations of the return of land, jurisdiction, and resources. This finding has implications for how Canadians discuss reconciliation in the future and for the broader literature interested in the role of reconciliation discourse in truth commissions and other enterprises of transitional justice.”
https://muse-jhu-edu.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/article/682839
James, Matt. 2010. "Uncomfortable Comparisons: The Canadian Truth and Reconciliation Commission in International Context," Les Ateliers de l'éthique 5:2.
Abstract by author: “The Canadian Truth and Reconciliation Commission on Indian Residential Schools is a novel foray into a genre previously associated with so-called “transitional” democracies from the post-Communist world and the global South. This basic fact notwithstanding, a systematic comparison with the broader universe of truth commission-hosting countries reveals that the circumstances surrounding the Canadian TRC are not entirely novel. This article develops this argument by distilling from the transitional justice literature several bases of comparison designed to explain how a truth commission’s capacity to promote new cultures of justice and accountability in the wake of massive violations of human rights is affected by the socio-political context in which the commission occurs; the injustices it is asked to investigate; and the nature of its mandate. It concludes that these factors, compounded by considerations unique to the Canadian context, all militate against success. If Canadian citizens and policymakers fail to meet this profound ethical challenge, they will find themselves occupying the transition-wrecking role played more familiarly by the recalcitrant and unreformed military and security forces in the world’s more evidently authoritarian states.”
Jobin, Shalene Vandervelde. 2010. “Urban Indigenous Governance Practices." In Indigenous Identity and Resistance: Researching the Diversity of Knowledge, eds. Brendan Hokowhitu, Nathalie Kermoal, Chris Andersen, Anna Petersen, Michael Reilly, Isabel Altamirano-Jiménez and Poia Rewi. Dunedin, NZ: Otago University Press.
Book description provided by book: “This book is the outcome of Indigenous Studies scholars in Canada, New Zealand and the Pacific working together in research conversations that transcend the imperial boundaries of the colonial nations in which they are located. Their lucid, accessible, and thought-provoking essays provide a critical understanding of the ways in which Indigenous peoples are rearticulating their histories, knowledges, and the Indigenousself.”
Kilibarda, Konstantin. 2014. “From #Occupy to #IdleNoMore: Rethinking Space, Settler Consciousness and Erasures Within the 99%” In Riot, Unrest and Protest on the Global Stage, eds. David Pritchard and Francis Pakes. New York: Palgrave MacMillan.
Abstract by author: “Postcolonial theory has been a relative latecomer to the cloistered world of international relations (IR). In 2002, Geeta Chowdhry and Sheila Nair’s edited volume Power, Postcolonialism and International Relations and LHM Ling’s Postcolonial International Relations both marked an important turn towards interrogating the ethnocentric, imperialising and racialised geographies of IR’s mainstream (see also Agathangelou and Ling, 2009; Doty, 1996; Grovogui, 2009; Henderson, 2007; Jones, 2006; Shilliam, 2011; Vitalis, 2010). A similar scholarship has emerged within nationality and citizenship studies in Canada (Bannerji, 2000; Razzaq, 2002; Thobani, 2007) and among indigenous scholars who directly challenge the problematics of sovereignty, racial formation and territorial consolidation as they relate to Anglo-American settler states (Amadahy and Lawrence, 2009; Anderson, 2001; Lawrence, 2004; Lawrence and Dua, 2005; Shaw, 2008; Smith, 2005; Tuhiwai Smith, 1999).”
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-137-30553-4_16
King, Hayden and Shiri Pasternak. 2018. “Canada’s Emerging Indigenous Rights Framework: A Critical Analysis”. Ryerson University: Yellowhead Institute. 1 – 27.
Abstract by report: “Justin Trudeau ran on an election platform of changing the relationship between the Crown and Indigenous peoples in Canada. Trudeau promised a new nation-to-nation relationship based on the recognition of Indigenous rights, respect, cooperation, and partnership. Over halfway into his mandate as Prime Minister, some clarity is emerging on the scope of that nation-to-nation relationship. In February 2018, Trudeau announced the development of a new and transformational Indigenous Rights, Recognition and Implementation Framework.
Since then, a suite of legislation and policy has been rapidly deployed. It includes fiscal policy, omnibus legislation, changes in negotiations for land and self-government, two new ministries of Indian Affairs and dozens of tables, working groups, MOUs, and related government initiatives. Yet, there is scarce comprehensive analysis on the meaning and trajectory of Canada’s approach. Our report finds that the Rights Framework expresses a clear and coherent set of goals, which revolve around domesticating Indigenous self-determination within Canadian Confederation. These goals have been ordered into legislation and policy in a manner that guides First Nations towards a narrow model of “self-government” outside of the Indian Act.”
Kipfer, Stefan. 2018. “Pushing the Limits of Urban Research: Urbanization, Pipelines and counter-colonial Politics.” Environment and Planning D: Society and Space: 474-493.
Abstract by author: “This article confronts debates about extended and concentrated urbanization with Indigenous claims to time and space. It does so in part by discussing the degree to which notions of extended and concentrated urbanization allow us to understand the dynamics of pipeline politics in Canada, notably Indigenous claims leveled at infrastructure projects. It argues that Lefebvre-inspired research is both promising and insufficient in this regard. Their promises can only be realized provided one considers urban research as mediation (between everyday life and the social order), contextualize urbanization as a product of non-linear histories through which ‘city’ and ‘non-city’ are transformed or reinstituted as socio-spatial forms, and take seriously imaginaries that may not only contest but also refuse the expansion of the urban field. Meeting these conditions is not possible without resorting to other, non-Lefebvrean approaches that help us understand the settler-colonial aspects of Canadian urban history and grasp the inter-national dimensions of Indigenous politics. Finally, opening up Lefebvre scholarship to considerations of settler colonialism is impossible without the distinct relational theories of time and space that inform radical Indigenous theories (and some pipeline struggles). Indigenous claims in or against urbanization thus represent a limit case of urban research.”
https://journals-sagepub-com.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/doi/full/10.1177/0263775818758328
Kovach, Margaret. 2009. Indigenous Methodologies: Characteristics, Conversations and Contexts. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Book description by publisher: “Indigenous Methodologies is a groundbreaking text. Since its original publication in 2009, it has become the most trusted guide used in the study of Indigenous methodologies and has been adopted in university courses around the world. It provides a conceptual framework for implementing Indigenous methodologies and serves as a useful entry point for those wishing to learn more broadly about Indigenous research. The second edition incorporates new literature along with substantial updates, including a thorough discussion of Indigenous theory and analysis, new chapters on community partnership and capacity building, an added focus on oracy and other forms of knowledge dissemination, and a renewed call to decolonize the academy. The second edition also includes discussion questions to enhance classroom interaction with the text. In a field that continues to grow and evolve, and as universities and researchers strive to learn and apply Indigenous-informed research, this important new edition introduces readers to the principles and practices of Indigenous methodologies.”
Kuokkanen, Rauna. 2011. “Indigenous Economies, Theories of Subsistence, and Women: Exploring the Social Economy Model for Indigenous Governance.” The American Indian Quarterly. 35 (2): 215 – 240.
Abstract: NA
https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/stable/10.5250/amerindiquar.35.2.0215?sid=primo&seq=1
Kuokkanen, Rauna. 2015. “Gendered Violence and Politics in Indigenous Communities.” International Feminist Journal of Politics 17, no. 2: 271-288.
Abstract by author: “This article examines the depoliticization of violence against women in indigenous communities. It argues that there is a pressing need to examine the ways in which gendered violence is explained, addressed and often sanctioned in indigenous communities. The article draws on Crenshaw's concept of political intersectionality and examines responses to gendered violence in indigenous communities through two groups: Aboriginal women in Canada and Sámi women in Scandinavia.”
Kuokkanen, Rauna. 2011. "From Indigenous Economies to Market-Based Self-Governance: A Feminist Political Economy Analysis." Canadian Journal of Political Science 44(2): 275— 297.
Abstract by author: “This paper examines the apparent contradiction between the current tendency of many Indigenous groups and their political institutions to embrace the capitalist economic model as the one and only solution in establishing contemporary Indigenous self-governance, on the one hand, and on the other, the detrimental force of the market economy on Indigenous societies, past and present. The starting point is the following question. If the global market economy historically played a significant role in the loss of political and economic autonomy of Indigenous societies and women, how meaningful or sustainable is it to seek to (re)build contemporary Indigenous governance on the very economic model that was largely responsible for undermining it in the first place? Shouldn't this history be taken into consideration when discussing and shaping models and policies for contemporary Indigenous governance and hence be more critical of the standard economic development frameworks hailed as the path toward self-governance?”
Kuokkanen, Rauna. 2008. "Globalization as Racialized, Sexualized Violence —the Case of Indigenous Women." International Feminist Journal of Politics 10: 216-233.
Abstract by author: “In my article, I suggest that indigenous women are among the hardest hit by economic globalization – the expansion of markets, trade liberalization and cheapening of labour – and that globalization represents a multifaceted violence against indigenous women. I consider this with the help of two examples. First, I discuss the largely ignored case of missing and murdered Aboriginal women in Canada and how the interlocking systems of oppression (colonization, patriarchy and capitalism) are further intensified by globalization. Second, I examine the death of a Hopi woman, Private Piestewa, in the context of militarization, history of colonization and globalization. I analyse these examples in an intersectional framework that reveals the links between colonization, patriarchy and capitalism all of which inform the current processes of globalization.”
Kuokkanen, Rauna. 2007. Reshaping the University: Responsibility, Indigenous Epistemes, and the Logic of the Gift. Vancouver: UBC Press.
Book description by publisher: “In the past few decades, the narrow intellectual foundations of the university have come under serious scrutiny. Previously marginalized groups have called for improved access to the institution and full inclusion in the curriculum. Reshaping the University is a timely, thorough, and original interrogation of academic practices. It moves beyond current analyses of cultural conflicts and discrimination in academic institutions to provide an indigenous postcolonial critique of the modern university. Rauna Kuokkanen argues that attempts by universities to be inclusive are unsuccessful because they do not embrace indigenous worldviews. Programs established to act as bridges between mainstream and indigenous cultures ignore their ontological and epistemic differences and, while offering support and assistance, place the responsibility of adapting wholly on the student. Indigenous students and staff are expected to leave behind their cultural perspectives and epistemes in order to adopt Western values. Reshaping the Universityadvocates a radical shift in the approach to cultural conflicts within the academy and proposes a new logic, grounded in principles central to indigenous philosophies.”
Kuokkanen, Rauna. 2014. “Confronting Violence: Indigenous Women, Self-Determination and International Human Rights.” In lndivisible: Indigenous Human Rights, ed. J. Green. Halifax and Winnipeg: Fernwood Press.
Book description by publisher: “Indigenous rights are generally conceptualized and advocated separately from the human rights framework. The contributors to Indivisible: Indigenous Human Rights, however, deftly and powerfully argue that Indigenous rights are in fact human rights and that the fundamental human rights of Indigenous people cannot be protected without the inclusion of their Indigenous rights, which are suppressed and oppressed by the forces of racism and colonialism. Drawing on a wealth of experience and blending critical theoretical frameworks and a close knowledge of domestic and international law on human rights, the authors in this collection show that settler states such as Canada persist in violating and failing to acknowledge Indigenous human rights. Furthermore, settler states are obligated to respect and animate these rights, despite the evident tensions in political and economic interests between elite capitalists, settler citizens and Indigenous peoples.”
Kuokkanen, Rauna. 2017. “‘To See What State We Are In’: First Years of the Greenland Self- Government Act and the Pursuit of Inuit Sovereignty.” Ethnopolitics 6.2: 179-195.
Abstract by author: “This article examines the implementation of Greenland's self-government (commonly referred to as self-rule) through an analysis of the Greenland government in the first four years of the Greenland Self-Government Act (SGA). Greenland and its government are numerically dominated by the Inuit, one of the indigenous peoples of the Arctic. The article begins with an overview of Greenland as a country and its political development, from a Danish colony to the 2009 Greenland SGA. After explaining Greenland's governance structure and the role of Inuit governance in Greenland's parliamentary system, it analyses the implementation process of the self-government agreement. It is argued that the SGA with its main focus on modern nation-building within the framework of Western institutionalism constitutes a unique means of implementing indigenous self-government. It revisits the norm of the right of indigenous peoples to self-determination understood primarily as a collective human right and sets a precedent within the framework of indigenous rights in international law.”
Ladner, Kiera and Caroline Dick. 2008. “Out of the Fires of Hell: Globalization as a Solution to Globalization-an Indigenist Perspective.” Canadian Journal of Law and Society 23, no. 1/2: 63-91.
Abstract by author: “Since the 1960s, Canada's Indigenous peoples have sought to rebuild their nations as well as their economic, political, social, and cultural systems, advancing their claims domestically through political and legal avenues and pressing their agendas internationally. Yet despite the constitutional entrenchment of Aboriginal rights and the Canadian state's choice to engage in a discourse of the inherent rights of Aboriginal peoples, domestic avenues have been marked by a state of "paradigm paralysis," with Canadian authorities holding steadfast to the colonial paradigm. As a result, courts and politicians alike have failed to question the authority of Canadian governments over First Nations or to affirm the nation-to-nation relationship that once governed the Crown's dealings with Indigenous peoples. Instead, while political avenues have resulted in the recognition of inferior forms of self-government by "superior" Canadian governments, the constitutionally protected rights of Aboriginal peoples have been interpreted by the Supreme Court of Canada in a most limiting way, undermining claims to Aboriginal sovereignty, constraining the cultural autonomy of Aboriginal peoples, and precluding the creation of modern Aboriginal economies. This being the case, the question that arises is, Do global avenues offer greater promise for Indigenous peoples and their aspirations? By examining Indigenous peoples' engagement with trade liberalization mechanisms and intellectual property rights, the authors conclude that while the international arena and multilateral trade organizations certainly are not predicated on protecting Indigenous peoples or their interests, they can be used to advance the political, social, cultural, and economic aspirations of Indigenous peoples.”
https://muse-jhu-edu.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/article/258490
Ladner, Kiera and Michael McCrossan. The Electoral Participation of Aboriginal People. Working Paper Series on Electoral Participation and Outreach Practices, Ottawa: Chief Electoral Officer of Canada.
Summary of paper by author: “This concept paper on Aboriginal electoral participation and elector outreach reviews and analyzes recent literature on Aboriginal voter participation, examines relevant electoral research, reviews “best practices” in elector outreach, identifies gaps in the literature, makes recommendations for Elections Canada and provides a comprehensive bibliography. In so doing, this paper gathers information for Elections Canada and provides (where possible) an Indigenist analysis of the literature in this field.”
Ladner, Kiera L. 2008. "Gendering Decolonization, Decolonizing Gender." Australian Indigenous Law Review 13(1): 62-77.
Abstract: NA
https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/stable/26423117?sid=primo&seq=1
Ladner, Kiera L. 2003. “Governing Within an Ecological Context: Creating an Alternative Understanding of Siiksikaawa Governance.” Studies in Political Economy 70, no. 1:125- 152.
Abstract: NA
Ladner, Kiera L. and Leanne Simpson, eds. 2010. Lessons from the Bridge: On the Possibilities of Anti-Racist Feminist Alliances in Indigenous Spaces. Winnipeg, Arbeiter Ring.
Book description by publisher: "This is an Honour Song is a collection of narratives, poetry, and essays exploring the broad impact of the 1990 resistance at Kanehsatà:ke, otherwise known as the "Oka Crisis." The book is written by leadingIndigenous and non-Indigenous artists, scholars, activists and traditional people, and is sung as an Honour Song celebrating the commitment, sacrifices, and achievements of the Kanien'kehaka individuals and communities involved."
Ladner, Kiera. 2017. “Taking the Field: 50 Years of Indigenous Politics in the CJPS.” Canadian Journal of Political Science 50, no. 1: 163-179.
Abstract by author: “This article reviews the place of Indigenous politics in the last 50 years of Canadian political science. Focusing on the CJPS, it looks at broad themes and clusters in the literature over time, while also trying to explain how the roots of the discipline continue to impact the development of political science in Canada and thus CJPS. I argue that while at least 43 articles have dealt with Indigenous politics (solely or as a significant focus) and at least 18 have had some significant discussion thereof, there nonetheless remains a disconnect between Indigenous politics and the discipline. This disconnect exists because of the methodological and epistemological foundations of the discipline which have resulted in a focus limited to the Westphalian state. While the disconnect between Indigenous politics and the discipline has waned considerably (43 of 61 articles have been published since 2000) as there has been an awakening of sorts, a disconnect nevertheless still exists.”
Ladner, Kiera. 2001. “Negotiated Inferiority: The Royal Commission on Aboriginal People’s Vision of a Renewed Relationship.” American Review of Canadian Studies. 31 (1-2): 241-264.
Abstract: NA
Lawrence, Bonita and Enakshi Dua. 2005. “Decolonizing Antiracism” Social Justice 32.4: 120- 143.
Abstract: NA
https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/stable/29768340?sid=primo&seq=1
Lawrence, Bonita. 2003. “Gender, Race, and the Regulation of Native Identity in Canada and the United States: An Overview.” Hypatia 18, no. 2: 3-31.
Abstract by author: “The regulation of Native identity has been central to the colonization process in both Canada and the United States. Systems of classification and control enable settler governments to define who is "Indian," and control access to Native land. These regulatory systems have forcibly supplanted traditional Indigenous ways of identifying the self in relation to land and community, functioning discursively to naturalize colonial worldviews. Decolonization, then, must involve deconstructing and reshaping how we understand Indigenous identity.”
https://muse-jhu-edu.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/article/44188
Lightfoot, Sheryl. 2016. Global Indigenous Politics: A Subtle Revolution. New York: Routledge Press.
Abstract by publisher: “This book examines how Indigenous peoples’ rights and Indigenous rights movements represent an important and often overlooked shift in international politics - a shift that powerful states are actively resisting in a multitude of ways. While Indigenous peoples are often dismissed as marginal non-state actors, this book argues that far from insignificant, global Indigenous politics is potentially forging major changes in the international system, as the implementation of Indigenous peoples’ rights requires a complete re-thinking and re-ordering of sovereignty, territoriality, liberalism, and human rights. After thirty years of intense effort, the transnational Indigenous rights movement achieved passage of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in September 2007. This book asks: Why did movement need to fight so hard to secure passage of a bare minimum standard on Indigenous rights? Why is it that certain states are so threatened by an emerging international Indigenous rights regime? How does the emerging Indigenous rights regime change the international status quo? The questions are addressed by exploring how Indigenous politics at the global level compels a new direction of thought in IR by challenging some of its fundamental tenets. It is argued that global Indigenous politics is a perspective of IR that, with the recognition of Indigenous peoples’ collective rights to land and self-determination, complicates the structure of international politics in new and important ways, challenging both Westphalian notions of state sovereignty and the (neo-)liberal foundations of states and the international human rights consensus. Qualitative case studies of Canadian and New Zealand Indigenous rights, based on original field research, analyse both the potential and the limits of these challenges. This work will be of interest to graduates and scholars in international relations, Indigenous studies, international organizations, IR theory and social movements.”
MacDonald, David B. 2014. “Genocide in the Indian Residential Schools: Canadian History through the Lens of the UN Genocide Convention.” In Colonial Genocide in Indigenous North America, eds. Andrew Woolford, Jeff Benvenuto, and Alexander Laban Hinton. Duke University Press.
Book description by publisher: “This important collection of essays expands the geographic, demographic, and analytic scope of the term genocide to encompass the effects of colonialism and settler colonialism in North America. Colonists made multiple and interconnected attempts to destroy Indigenous peoples as groups. The contributors examine these efforts through the lens of genocide. Considering some of the most destructive aspects of the colonization and subsequent settlement of North America, several essays address Indigenous boarding school systems imposed by both the Canadian and U.S. governments in attempts to "civilize" or "assimilate" Indigenous children. Contributors examine some of the most egregious assaults on Indigenous peoples and the natural environment, including massacres, land appropriation, the spread of disease, the near-extinction of the buffalo, and forced political restructuring of Indigenous communities. Assessing the record of these appalling events, the contributors maintain that North Americans must reckon with colonial and settler colonial attempts to annihilate Indigenous peoples.”
Mackey, Eva. 2002. The House of Difference: Cultural Politics and National Identity in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Book description by publisher: “The unexpected global rise of intolerant nationalism at the end of the twentieth century has received much attention, and yet intolerance also manifests itself in more subtle ways, even in nations such as Canada, with its mythologized history of tolerance and its official policies of multiculturalism. Drawing on extensive fieldwork and interviews with white Canadians and government bureaucrats, as well as an in-depth analysis of national identity and its construction, Mackey explores ideas of racial and cultural difference, multiculturalism, and pluralism. She argues that official policies and attitudes of multicultural 'tolerance' for 'others' reinforce the dominant Anglo-Canadian culture by abducting the cultures of minority groups, pressing them into the service of nation-building without promoting genuine respect or autonomy. The book also contributes to an understanding of how official 'multicultural tolerance' has contributed to the rise of the new right in recent years. Mapping the contradictions and ambiguities in the cultural politics of Canadian identity, The House of Difference opens up new understandings of the operations of 'tolerance' and western liberalism in a supposedly post-colonial era.”
https://utorontopress.com/9780802084811/the-house-of-difference/
Mackey, Eva. 2016. Unsettled Expectations. Uncertainty, Land and Settler Decolonization. Winnipeg, Fernwood.
Book description by publisher: “What do local conflicts about land rights tell us about Indigenous-settler relations and the challenges and possibilities of decolonization? In Unsettled Expectations, Eva Mackey draws on ethnographic case studies about land rights conflicts in Canada and the U.S. to argue that critical analysis of present-day disputes over land, belonging and sovereignty will help us understand how colonization is reproduced today and how to challenge it. Employing theoretical approaches from Indigenous and settler colonial studies, and in the context of critical historical and legal analysis, Mackey urges us to rethink the assumptions of settler certainty that underpin current conflicts between settlers and Indigenous peoples and reveals settler privilege to be a doomed fantasy of entitlement. Finally, Mackey draws on case studies of Indigenous-settler alliances to show how embracing difficult uncertainty can be an integral part of undoing settler privilege and a step toward decolonization.”
Manuel, Arthur and Grand Chief Ronald M. Derrickson. 2015. Unsettling Canada: A National Wake- Up Call. Toronto: Between the Lines.
Book description by publisher: “Unsettling Canada, a Canadian bestseller, is built on a unique collaboration between two First Nations leaders, Arthur Manuel and Grand Chief Ron Derrickson. Both men have served as chiefs of their bands in the B.C. interior and both have gone on to establish important national and international reputations. But the differences between them are in many ways even more interesting. Arthur Manuel is one of the most forceful advocates for Aboriginal title and rights in Canada and comes from the activist wing of the movement. Grand Chief Ron Derrickson is one of the most successful Indigenous businessmen in the country. Together the Secwepemc activist intellectual and the Syilx (Okanagan) businessman bring a fresh perspective and new ideas to Canada's most glaring piece of unfinished business: the place of Indigenous peoples within the country's political and economic space. The story is told through Arthur's voice but he traces both of their individual struggles against the colonialist and often racist structures that have been erected to keep Indigenous peoples in their place in Canada. In the final chapters and in the Grand Chief's afterword, they not only set out a plan for a new sustainable indigenous economy, but lay out a roadmap for getting there.”
McCrossan, Michael and Kiera Ladner. 2016. “Eliminating Indigenous Jurisdictions: Federalism, the Supreme Court, and Territorial Rationalities of Power.” Canadian Journal of Political Science 49, no. 3: 411-431.
Abstract by author: “This paper examines judicial reasoning in the area of Aboriginal title, paying particular attention to the Supreme Court of Canada's Tsilhqot'in Nation (2014) decision. While the decision has been heralded as a ‘game-changer’ within media circles and legal commentaries for its recognition of a claim to title under section 35(1) of the Constitution Act, 1982, the authors argue that the decision does not depart substantially from prior judicial logics predicated upon the production of Crown sovereignty and the denial of Indigenous legal orders. In fact, the authors argue that the decision displays a clear judicial orientation towards the present jurisdictional divisions of Canadian federalism which not only serves to eliminate Indigenous legal orders and territorial responsibilities, but also provides federal and provincial governments with enhanced powers of ‘incursion’ into Aboriginal title lands.”
McFarlane, Peter and Nicole Schabus, eds. 2017. Whose Land is it Anyway? A Manual for Decolonization. Federation of Post-Secondary Educators of BC.
Abstract: NA
https://fpse.ca/sites/default/files/news_files/Decolonization%20Handbook.pdf
Merry, Sally Engle. 2016. The Seductions of Quantification: Measuring Human Rights, Gender Violence, and Sex Trafficking. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Book description by publisher: “With The Seductions of Quantification, leading legal anthropologist Sally Engle Merry investigates the techniques by which information is gathered and analyzed in the production of global indicators on human rights, gender violence, and sex trafficking. Although such numbers convey an aura of objective truth and scientific validity, Merry argues persuasively that measurement systems constitute a form of power by incorporating theories about social change in their design but rarely explicitly acknowledging them. For instance, the US State Department’s Trafficking in Persons Report, which ranks countries in terms of their compliance with antitrafficking activities, assumes that prosecuting traffickers as criminals is an effective corrective strategy—overlooking cultures where women and children are frequently sold by their own families. As Merry shows, indicators are indeed seductive in their promise of providing concrete knowledge about how the world works, but they are implemented most successfully when paired with context-rich qualitative accounts grounded in local knowledge.”
Available at Scott Library
https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/S/bo23044232.html
Merson, Emily H. 2017. “International Art World and Transnational Artwork: Creative Presence in Rebecca Belmore’s Fountain at the Venice Biennale.” Millennium: Journal of International Studies 46(1):41-65.
Abstract by author: “Drawing from and contributing to the International Relations (IR) aesthetics literature, I analyse how Anishinaabe artist Rebecca Belmore’s 2005 Venice Biennale performance-based video installation Fountain is an enactment of creative presence at an intersection of international and transnational politics. Belmore’s aesthetic method of engaging with water as a visual interface between the artist and viewer, by projecting the film of her performance onto a stream of falling water in the Canadian Pavilion exhibition, offers a method of understanding and transforming settler colonial power relations in world politics. I argue that Belmore’s artistic labour and knowledge production is an expression of Indigenous self-determination by discussing how Fountain is situated in relation with Indigenous peoples’ transnational land and waterway reclamations and cultural resurgences as well as the colonial context of the international art world dynamics of the Venice Biennale. My analysis of Belmore’s decolonial sensibility and political imagination with respect to water contributes to IR aesthetics debates by foregrounding the embodiment of knowledge production and performance artwork as a method of decolonisation.”
Miller, J. R. 2018. Skyscrapers Hide the Heavens: A History of Indian-White Relations in Canada. 4th ed. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Abstract by publisher: “History of the social, economic, and institutional relationship between native Indians and whites in Canada. Includes chapters on the Northwest Rebellion, native education policies, cultural assimilation, and Indian-white political relations."
https://collections.irshdc.ubc.ca/index.php/Detail/objects/9218
Morgensen, Scott Lauria. 2012. “Destabilizing the Settler Academy: The Decolonial Effects of Indigenous Methodologies." American Quarterly 64, no. 4: 805-808.
Abstract: NA
https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/stable/41809527?sid=primo&seq=1
Murray, Karen Bridget. 2011. “The Silence of Urban Aboriginal Policy in New Brunswick.” In Urban Aboriginal Policy Making in the Municipalities, ed. Evelyn Peters. Montreal: McGill Queen’s University Press.
Abstract: NA
Murray, Karen Bridget. 2015. “Bio-gentrification: Vulnerability Bio-value Chains in Gentrifying Neighbourhoods.” Urban Geography 36(2): 277-299.
Abstract by author: “In this paper, I develop the concept of “bio-gentrification” as a way to broaden critical theoretical debates on the relationship between gentrification and “social mixing” policies. Bio-gentrification weds urban Marxist political economic insights to the neo-Foucauldian notion of biopower. The former stresses spatial tactics of removal and displacement and value generated through land and property. The latter assesses a wider terrain of spatial tactics, their relationship to knowledge produced about humans as living beings, and their alignment with capitalist urbanization. The Vancouver example illuminates how social mixing “truths” and practices to which they are tied generate value by naturalizing human insecurity in situ and transforming the biological existence of disadvantaged peoples into raw material for profit through a process that can be conceptualized as a “vulnerability bio-value chain.” Bio-gentrification refers to the tension between removal and embedding of disadvantaged peoples and points to the need for a bio-gentrification politics to confront this dynamic.”
Murray, Karen Bridget. 2017. “The Violence Within: Canadian Modern Statehood and the pan-territorial Residential School System Ideal.” Canadian Journal of Political Science 50(3): 747-772.
Abstract by author: “Drawing upon Walter Benjamin's “principle of montage,” this article excavates the political salience of what is referred to herein as the residential school system's “pan-territorial ideal.” The pan-territorial ideal materialized in 1930 with the opening of the Shubenacadie Residential School in the Maritimes, the system's final frontier. It was envisioned, forged and secured, in part, with the overt understanding that so called Indian education could be used as a vector of violence to control Indigenous peoples and their lands. This history clashes with dominant narratives that interpret residential school system violence as the product of mismanagement and neglect. From the early days of Confederation to its almost full legal autonomy from Britain in the early twentieth century and beyond, the Dominion's pursuit of the pan-territorial vision involved the selective harnessing of the residential school system as a field of state-sanctioned force to quell Indigenous resistance. In this, residential school violence cannot be reduced to a deviation from the norm. In crucial respects, it was an inherent feature of the system and Canadian modern statehood itself.”
Murray, Karen Bridget. 2018. “Epigenetics and Politics in the Colonial present.” Canadian Journal of Sociology 43(4): 349-388.
Abstract by author: “This article draws attention to the importance of including the colonial present in critical inquiries into the relationship between epigenetics and politics. Focusing on British Columbia (Canada) at the dawn of the twenty-first century, the assessment illustrates how an epigenetic style of thought rendered tangible the “vulnerable Aboriginal child” as a category amenable to settler-colonial governmental interventions. More specifically, the article demonstrates how prominent elements of this classification interconnected with a mediating device undergirded by epigenetic reason, the Early Development Instrument. Eugenic sensibilities produced through epigenetic logics wove through this relationship. In turn, linkages between the EDI and the classification of the at-risk Aboriginal child comprised a terrain that shaped settler-colonial power and privilege through mechanisms of population management and related implications for territorial control. The article evaluates what these findings suggest for extending debates about the political elements of epigenetic reason.”
https://journals.scholarsportal.info/details/03186431/v43i0004/349_eapitcp.xml
Nanibush, Wanda. 2016. “Outside of Time: Salvage Ethnography, self-representation and Performing Culture.” In Time, Temporality and Violence in International Relations: (De)Fatalizing the Present, Forging Radical Alternatives, eds. Anna M. Agathangelou and Kyle D. Killian. New York: Routledge.
Abstract by author: “Curtis is one of the most popular sources of images of pre-contact Indigenous cultures both globally and locally. That a colonial archive like Curtis' the man, his products and the events spun from them is recuperated as Indigenous history by some communities does not alter other histories of contemporary neo-colonial and capitalist projects. Curtis made extensive notes on the ceremonies, dress and architecture of the Indigenous nations he photographed. The choice to salvage or continue an aspect of a culture is the Kwakwaka'wakw people's prerogative. This chapter uses the real to critique representation. Rather, different histories, including Curtis and the Kwakwaka'wakw performers, nineteenth-century ethnography and popular culture and twenty-first-century Kwakwaka'wakw communities, become part of a longer neo-colonial discursive formation. Cultures, even across the same language, are undergoing a process of translation and, therefore, a process of dispersion, deferral and dissemination.”
Nagy, Rosemary. 2017. “Can Reconciliation be Compelled? Transnational Advocacy and the Canada- Indigenous Relationship." Peace and Change 42, no. 3: 313-341.
Abstract by author: “Through an examination of transnational advocacy and the Indigenous–Canada relationship, this article advances a compliance model of reconciliation to suggest that reconciliation might be compelled through pressure upon states to comply with their human rights obligations. Drawing upon constructivism, conflict resolution theory, and social psychology, the article proposes that compliance and reconciliation converge as a result of behavioral adjustment and the internalization of values through enforced performance. The article uses four examples for illustration: (1) challenges at the UN Human Rights Committee against gender discrimination in the Indian Act, (2) Canada's belated endorsement in 2010 of the United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, (3) insider–outsider pressure that Canada comply with its human rights obligations with respect to its missing and murdered indigenous women and girls, and (4) the Hul'qumi'num Treaty Group's land claim petition before the Inter‐American Commission for Human Rights. The article concludes that transnational advocacy in the Indigenous–Canada context has had slight to moderate effect in making reconciliation happen.”
Napoleon, Val (with) John Borrows and Emily Snyder. 2015. “Gendered Violence: Resources from Indigenous Legal Orders,” UBC Law Review 48:1 593.
Abstract: NA
Napoleon, Val and Hadley Friedland. 2016. “An Inside Job: Engaging with Indigenous Legal Traditions through Stories” McGill Law Journal 61(4):725-754.
Abstract by author: “There has been a growing momentum toward a greater recognition and explicit use of Indigenous laws in the past several years. According to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s final report, the revitalization and recognition of Indigenous laws are essential to reconciliation in Canada. How, then, do we go about doing this? In this article, we introduce one method, which we believe has great potential for working respectfully and productively with Indigenous laws today. We engage with Indigenous legal traditions by carefully and consciously applying adapted common law tools, such as legal analysis and synthesis, to existing and often publicly available Indigenous resources: stories, narratives, and oral histories. By bringing common pedagogical approaches from many Indigenous legal traditions together with standard common law legal education, we hope to help people learn Indigenous laws from an internal point of view. We share experiences that reveal that this method holds great potential as a pedagogical bridge “into” respectful engagement with Indigenous laws and legal thought, within and across Indigenous, academic, and professional communities. In conclusion, we argue that, while this method is a useful tool, it is not intended to supplant existing learning and teaching methods, but rather to supplement them. In practice, we have seen that this method can be complementary to learning deeply through other means. There are many methods to engage with Indigenous laws, and there needs to be critical reflection and conversations about them all.”
Napoleon, Val. 2013. “Thinking About Indigenous Legal Orders” (revised). In Dialogues on Human Rights and Legal Pluralism, eds. Colleen Shepard & Kirsten Anker. 2012 Springer Press’ Series, lus Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice.
Abstract: NA
Nath, Nisha. 2011. “Defining Narratives of Identity in Canadian Political Science: Accounting for the Absence of Race.” Canadian Journal of Political Science 44, no. 1: 161-194.
Abstract by author: “This article maps how Canadian political science has considered and shaped the logic of identity across the institutional, societal and governance dimensions of this disciplinary subfield. Focusing on the ubiquitous analytic absence of race in the mainstream literature, this article argues that mainstream Canadian political science reproduces a logic that limits the conversation to particular dimensions of identity (identity as a basis of political action, a collective phenomenon denoting sameness and a core aspect of individual/collective selfhood) at the expense of others (identity as a product of social or political action, a product of multiple and competing discourses and a governmentality). In addition to this logic of identity, eight methodological tendencies in the mainstream literature further impede analyses of race. By challenging these methodological tendencies, abandoning identity as an analytic category and reflecting on the consequences of deactivating and erasing ???race???, Canadian political scientists may become better equipped to interrogate the operating logic of identity, to substantively incorporate race as a conceptual, analytic and explanatory device, and perhaps most critically, begin to redefine the canon.”
Native Youth Sexual Health Network. 2013. “NYSHN Statement to National Energy Board Regarding Line 9 Pipeline Proposal.”
Summary by author: “‘Violence on the Land, Violence on our Bodies: Building an Indigenous Response to Environmental Violence” is a community-based research and advocacy project aimed at documenting the experiences of Indigenous women, youth and community members whose sexual and reproductive health and rights have been affected by gas and oil development, mining, and pesticides—something known as “environmental violence’. This initiative is a collaboration between the Native Youth Sexual Health Network (NYSHN) and Women’s Earth Alliance (WEA).”
https://www.nativeyouthsexualhealth.com/environmental-violence-reproductive-justice
Nichols, Robert. 2014. “The Colonialism of Incarceration.” Radical Philosophy Review 17, no. 2: 435-455.
Abstract by author: “This essay attends to the specificity of indigenous peoples’ political critique of state power and territorialized sovereignty in the North American context as an indispensible resource for realizing the decolonizing potential latent within the field of critical prison studies. I argue that although the incarceration of indigenous peoples is closely related to the experience of other racialized populations with regard to its causes, it is importantly distinct with respect to the normative foundation of its critique. Indigenous sovereignty calls forth an alternative normativity that challenges the very existence of the carceral system, let alone its racialized organization and operation.”
Nicole V.T., Lugosi. 2011. “‘Truth-telling’ and Legal Discourse: A Critical Analysis of the Neil Stonechild Inquiry." Canadian Journal of Political Science no. 2: 299-315.
Abstract by author: “Employing a critical race methodology focused on the notion of law as a hegemonic form of truth telling, I examine the findings and recommendations of the commission of inquiry into the death of Neil Stonechild to show how certain stories were told (or not) through legal narratives, and how, in such a judicial forum, specific narratives were framed as more legitimate than others. This forum reproduces colonial assumptions of the Aboriginal “other,” as deserving less priority in the realm of justice and the Aboriginal voice as illegitimate compared to legal actors, thereby weakening notions of equal access to justice in Canada. I argue that the Neil Stonechild inquiry, while important, falls short in advancing justice by failing to address underlying racial factors and motivations, thereby providing an incomplete picture of what happened. As a consequence, the dominant mythology of Canada as a non-racist nation remains unchallenged, to the detriment of meaningful social change.”
Palmater, Pamela. 2011. Beyond Blood: Rethinking Indigenous Identity, Winnipeg: Purich Publishing LTD.
Book description by publisher: “The current Status criteria of theIndian Act contains descent-based rules akin to blood quantum that are particularly discriminatory against women and their descendants, which author Pamela Palmater argues will lead to the extinguishment of First Nations as legal and constitutional entities. Beginning with an historic overview of legislative enactments defining Indian status and their impact on First Nations, the author examines contemporary court rulings dealing with Indigenous identity, Aboriginal rights, and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Palmater also examines band membership codes to determine if their reliance on status criteria perpetuates discrimination. She offers changes for determining Indigenous identity and citizenship and argues that First Nations must determine citizenship themselves.”
https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/distributed/B/bo70014914.html
Palmater, Pamela. 2015. Indigenous Nationhood: Empowering Grassroots Citizens. Halifax & Winnipeg: Fernwood Publishing.
Book description by publisher: “Indigenous Nationhood is a selection of blog posts by well-known lawyer, activist and academic Pamela Palmater. Palmater offers critical legal and political commentary and analysis on legislation, Aboriginal rights, Canadian politics, First Nations politics and social issues such as murdered and missing Indigenous women, poverty, economics, identity and culture. Palmater’s writing tackles myths and stereotypes about Indigenous peoples head-on, discusses Indigenous nationhood and nation building, examines treaty rights and provides an accessible, critical analysis of laws and government policies being imposed on Indigenous peoples. Fiercely anti-racist and anti-colonial, this book is intended to help rebuild the connections between Indigenous citizens and their home communities, local governments and Indigenous Nations for the benefit of future generations.”
Available at Scott Library
https://pampalmater.com/indigenous-nationhood-empowering-grassroots-citizens/
Papillon, Martin. 2012.”Adapting Federalism: Indigenous Multilevel Governance in Canada and the United States." Publius: The Journal of Federalism 42(2): 289-312.
Abstract by author: “Given its change-resistant nature, how does federalism evolve to reflect the changing social and political context? This article compares the trajectories of Canadian and American federalism in response to the self-determination claims of indigenous peoples. Building on the literature on institutional change, I first suggest that both federations have followed similar patterns of institutional adaptation to indigenous claims through the development of multilevel governance (MLG) regimes that are layered over the existing federal structure without altering its foundations. I then underline the variations in the two MLG regimes and suggest these differences are the product of specific policy legacies as well as strategic choices made by the indigenous leadership, notably around venue selection.”
Papillon, Martin and Thierry Rodon. 2017. “Proponent-Indigenous Agreements and the Implementation of the Right to Free, Prior and Informed Consent in Canada” Environmental Impact Assessment Review. 62: 216 – 224.
Abstract by author: “Indigenous peoples have gained considerable agency in shaping decisions regarding resource development on their traditional lands. This growing agency is reflected in the emergence of the right to free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC) when Indigenous rights may be adversely affected by major resource development projects. While many governments remain non-committal toward FPIC, corporate actors are more proactive at engaging with Indigenous peoples in seeking their consent to resource extraction projects through negotiated Impact and Benefit Agreements. Focusing on the Canadian context, this article discusses the roots and implications of a proponent-driven model for seeking Indigenous consent to natural resource extraction on their traditional lands. Building on two case studies, the paper argues that negotiated consent through IBAs offers a truncated version of FPIC from the perspective of the communities involved. The deliberative ethic at the core of FPIC is often undermined in the negotiation process associated with proponent-led IBAs.”
Pasternak, Shiri. 2015. “How Capitalism Will Save Colonialism: The Privatization of Reserve Lands in Canada." Antipode 47, no. 1: 179-196.
Abstract by author: “This paper surveys the ways in which the First Nations Property Ownership Act (FNPOA) is the site of both tension and alliance between state, non‐state, and local Indigenous interests converging around a common agenda of land “modernization” in Canada. It is a convergence, I argue, that must be read in the context of a reorganization of society under neoliberalism. The FNPOA legislation is discursively framed to acknowledge Indigenous land rights while the bill simultaneously introduces contentious measures to individualize and municipalize the quasi‐communal land holding of reserves. The intersections of alliance around this land modernization project foreground the complex ways in which capitalism and colonialism, though inextricably tied, perform distinguishable economic processes, and how we must be attentive to the particulars of their co‐articulation with local formations of indigeneity.”
Patzer, Jeremy. 2014. “Residential School Harm and Colonial Dispossession: What’s the Connection?” In Colonial Genocide in Indigenous North America, eds. Andrew Woolford, Jeff Benvenuto, and Alexander Laban Hinton. Durham [North Carolina] : Duke University Press.
Book description by author: “This important collection of essays expands the geographic, demographic, and analytic scope of the term genocide to encompass the effects of colonialism and settler colonialism in North America. Colonists made multiple and interconnected attempts to destroy Indigenous peoples as groups. The contributors examine these efforts through the lens of genocide. Considering some of the most destructive aspects of the colonization and subsequent settlement of North America, several essays address Indigenous boarding school systems imposed by both the Canadian and U.S. governments in attempts to "civilize" or "assimilate" Indigenous children. Contributors examine some of the most egregious assaults on Indigenous peoples and the natural environment, including massacres, land appropriation, the spread of disease, the near-extinction of the buffalo, and forced political restructuring of Indigenous communities. Assessing the record of these appalling events, the contributors maintain that North Americans must reckon with colonial and settler colonial attempts to annihilate Indigenous peoples.”
Available at Scott Library
https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/stable/j.ctv11sn770
Porter, Libby and Oren Yiftachel. 2019. “Urbanizing Settler-Colonial Studies: Introduction to the Special Issue.” Settler Colonial Studies: 1-10.
Abstract: NA
Price, John. 2013. “Canada, White Supremacy, and the Twinning of Empires.” International Journal 68, no. 4: 628-638.
Abstract by author: “Taking a transnational approach, this essay explores the dynamic circuits of global racisms, resistance, and imperial politics that obliged Canadian policymakers to secure racist exclusions while simultaneously obscuring them. The case studies examined in this essay—British Columbia’s denial of the franchise to First Nations and Chinese, adoption of the Natal Act, and the comprehensive federal exclusions adopted after the 1907 white race riots in Vancouver—illustrate how racist immigration policies, both provincial and federal, had to take into account resistance and international factors as perceived by the British Colonial Office. Taken in conjunction with Indigenous history, the history of transpacific migration to Canada offers important insights into the role of white supremacy in a colonial settler state such as Canada.”
https://journals-sagepub-com.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/doi/full/10.1177/0020702013510675
Razack, Sherene. 2002. “Introduction. When Place Becomes Race” In Race, Space, and the Law: Unmapping a White Settler Society, ed. Sherene Razack. Toronto: Between the Lines.
Book description by publisher: “Race, Space, and the Law belongs to a growing field of exploration that spans critical geography, sociology, law, education, and critical race and feminist studies. Writers who share this terrain reject the idea that spaces, and the arrangement of bodies in them, emerge naturally over time. Instead, they look at how spaces are created and the role of law in shaping and supporting them. They expose hierarchies that emerge from, and in turn produce, oppressive spatial categories. The authors’ unmapping takes us through drinking establishments, parks, slums, classrooms, urban spaces of prostitution, parliaments, the main streets of cities, mosques, and the U.S.-Canada and U.S.-Mexico borders. Each example demonstrates that “place,” as a Manitoba Court of Appeal judge concluded after analyzing a section of the Indian Act, “becomes race.”
Available at Scott Library
https://books.google.ca/books/about/Race_Space_and_the_Law.html?id=FWs2TYWS8cMC
Razack, Sherene H. 2008. “Gendered Racial Violence and Spatialized Justice: The Murder of Pamela George.” In Race, Space and the Law: Unmapping a White Settler Society, ed. Sherene Razack. Toronto: Between the Lines.
Book description by publisher: “Race, Space, and the Law belongs to a growing field of exploration that spans critical geography, sociology, law, education, and critical race and feminist studies. Writers who share this terrain reject the idea that spaces, and the arrangement of bodies in them, emerge naturally over time. Instead, they look at how spaces are created and the role of law in shaping and supporting them. They expose hierarchies that emerge from, and in turn produce, oppressive spatial categories. The authors’ unmapping takes us through drinking establishments, parks, slums, classrooms, urban spaces of prostitution, parliaments, the main streets of cities, mosques, and the U.S.-Canada and U.S.-Mexico borders. Each example demonstrates that “place,” as a Manitoba Court of Appeal judge concluded after analyzing a section of the Indian Act, “becomes race.”
Available at Scott Library
https://books.google.ca/books/about/Race_Space_and_the_Law.html?id=FWs2TYWS8cMC
Razack, Sherene H. 2011. “Colonization: The Good, The Bad and the Ugly.” In Rethinking the Great White North: Race, Nature, and the Historical Geographies of Whiteness in Canada, ed. Andrew Baldwin, Laura Cameron, and Audrey Kobayashi. Vancouver: UBC Press.
Book description by publisher: “Canada’s claim to a distinct national identity is bound to the idea of a Great White North. Images of snow, wilderness, and emptiness in our most cherished narratives seem innocent, yet this path-breaking volume shows they contain the seeds of contemporary racism. Rethinking the Great White North moves the idea of whiteness to the centre of debates about Canadian history, geography, and identity. Informed by critical race theory and the insight that racism is geographical as well as historical and cultural, scholars from multiple disciplines explore how notions of race, whiteness, and nature helped shape the nation from travel writing to treaty making; from scientific research to park planning; and within small towns, cities, and tourist centres. Four themes -- identity and knowledge, city spaces, Arctic journeys, and Native land -- serve as entry points to trace how Canada’s identity as a white country was built on historical geographies of nature. This insightful collection not only reassesses Canadian history and identity, it offers a vocabulary for thinking about whiteness, nature, and nation as Canada enters into new debates about the North and the nature of multiculturalism. This volume is essential reading for students and scholars of environmental history, geography, and critical race and postcolonial studies and anyone interested in Canadian identity and culture.”
Reconciliation Syllabus. A TRC-inspired gathering of materials for teaching law.
Description by author: “In 2019 and 2020, I taught a course on real property securities (Sûretés immobilières) at the Université de Moncton. This course traditionally focuses on the creation and enforcement of land securities based on mortgages, mechanic’s liens and registered judgments. Inspired by this blog and from colleagues around the country attempting to include their private law courses (broadly defined) in their reconciliation initiatives, I set out to dedicate about 3 hours (a weekly session) to this topic in my syllabus. My initial knowledge about this was limited to sections 29 and 89 of the Indian Act prohibiting charges, attachment, seizure and execution on property situated on a reserve:”
Regan, Paulette. 2011. Unsettling the Settler Within: Indian Residential Schools, Truth Telling, and Reconciliation in Canada. Vancouver: UBC Press.
Book description by publisher: “In 2008 the Canadian government apologized to the victims of the notorious Indian residential school system, and established a Truth and Reconciliation Commission whose goal was to mend the deep rifts between Aboriginal peoples and the settler society that engineered the system. In Unsettling the Settler Within, Paulette Regan, a former residential-schools-claims manager, argues that in order to truly participate in the transformative possibilities of reconciliation, non-Aboriginal Canadians must undergo their own process of decolonization. They must relinquish the persistent myth of themselves as peacemakers and acknowledge the destructive legacy of a society that has stubbornly ignored and devalued Indigenous experience. With former students offering their stories as part of the truth and reconciliation processes, Regan advocates for an ethos that learns from the past, making space for an Indigenous historical counter-narrative to avoid perpetuating a colonial relationship between Aboriginal and settler peoples. A powerful and compassionate call to action, Unsettling the Settler Within inspires with its thoughtful and personal account of Regan’s own journey, and offers all Canadians – Indigenous and non-Indigenous policymakers, politicians, teachers, and students – a new way of approaching the critical task of healing the wounds left by the residential school system. A compassionate and powerful book that will appeal to both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal policymakers, politicians, educators, students, and any Canadian with an interest in building a future that both acknowledges and learns from the failures of the past.”
Rice, Roberta. 2017. “How to Decolonize Democracy: Indigenous Governance Innovation in Bolivia and Nunavut, Canada.” Bolivian Studies Journal 22: 220-242.
Abstract by author: “This paper analyzes the successes, failures, and lessons learned from the innovative experiments in decolonization that are currently underway in Bolivia and Nunavut, Canada. Bolivia and Nunavut are the first large-scale tests of Indigenous governance in the Americas. In both cases, Indigenous peoples are a marginalized majority who have recently assumed power by way of democratic mechanisms. In Bolivia, the inclusion of direct, participatory, and communitarian elements into the democratic system, has dramatically improved representation for Indigenous peoples. In Nunavut, the Inuit have also opted to pursue self-determination through a public government system rather than through an Inuit-specific self-government arrangement. The Nunavut government seeks to incorporate Inuit values, beliefs, and worldviews into a Canadian system of government. In both cases, the conditions for success are far from ideal. Significant social, economic, and institutional problems continue to plague the new governments of Bolivia and Nunavut. Based on original research in Bolivia and Nunavut, the paper finds that important democratic gains have been made. I argue that the emergence of new mechanisms for Indigenous and popular participation has the potential to strengthen democracy by enhancing or stretching liberal democratic conceptions and expectations.”
Russell, Peter H. 2005. Recognizing Aboriginal Title: The Mabo Case and Indigenous Resistance to English-Settler Colonialism. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Book description by publisher: “A judicial revolution occurred in 1992 when Australia's highest court discarded a doctrine that had stood for two hundred years, that the country was a terra nullius – a land of no one – when the white man arrived. The proceedings were known as the Mabo Case, named for Eddie Koiki Mabo, the Torres Strait Islander who fought the notion that the Australian Aboriginal people did not have a system of land ownership before European colonization. The case had international repercussions, especially on the four countries in which English-settlers are the dominant population: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States. In Recognizing Aboriginal Title, Peter H. Russell offers a comprehensive study of the Mabo case, its background, and its consequences, contextualizing it within the international struggle of Indigenous peoples to overcome their colonized status. Russell weaves together an historical narrative of Mabo's life with an account of the legal and ideological premises of European imperialism and their eventual challenge by the global forces of decolonization. He traces the development of Australian law and policy in relation to Aborigines, and provides a detailed examination of the decade of litigation that led to the Mabo case. Mabo died at the age of fifty-six just five months before the case was settled. Although he had been exiled from his land over a dispute when he was a teenager, he was buried there as a hero. Recognizing Aboriginal Title is a work of enormous importance by a legal and constitutional scholar of international renown, written with a passion worthy of its subject – a man who fought hard for his people and won.”
Available at Scott Library
Russell, Peter H. 2017. “Can Canada Retrieve the Principles of its First Confederation?” In Surviving Canada: Indigenous Peoples Celebrate 150 Years of Betrayal, eds. Kiera Ladner and Myra Tait, eds.Winnipeg: Arp Books.
Book description by publisher: “Surviving Canada: Indigenous Peoples Celebrate 150 Years of Betrayal is a collection of elegant, thoughtful, and powerful reflections about Indigenous Peoples’ complicated, and often frustrating, relationship with Canada, and how–even 150 years after Confederation–the fight for recognition of their treaty and Aboriginal rights continues.”
https://books.google.ca/books/about/Surviving_Canada.html?id=CDCDvgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y
Sharma, Nandita and Cynthia Wright. 2009. “Decolonizing Resistance, Challenging Colonial States.” Social Justice 35, no. 3: 121-138.
Abstract: NA
https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/stable/29768504?sid=primo&seq=1
Simpson, Audra. 2016. “The State Is a Man: Theresa Spence, Loretta Saunders and the Gender of Settler Sovereignty.” Theory & Event 19, no. 4.
Abstract: NA
Simpson, Leanne, ed. 2008. Lighting the Eighth Fire: The Liberation, Resurgence, and Protection of lndigenous Nations. Winnipeg: Arbeiter Ring Publishing.
Book description by publisher: “This remarkable collection of essays by leading Indigenous scholars focuses on the themes of freedom, liberation and Indigenous resurgence as they relate to the land. They analyze treaties, political culture, governance, "environmental issues," economy and radical social movements, from an anti-colonial Indigenous perspective. Editor Leanne Simpson has solicited Indigenous writers that place Indigenous freedom as their highest political goal, while turning to the knowledge, traditions and culture of specific Indigenous nations to achieve that goal.”
Available at Scott Library
Simpson, Leanne. 2011. Dancing on our Turtle’s Back: Stories of Nishnaabeg Re-Creation, Resurgence, and a New Emergence. Winnipeg: Arbeiter Ring.
Book description by publisher: “Many promote Reconciliation as a “new” way for Canada to relate to Indigenous Peoples. In Dancing on Our Turtle’s Back: Stories of Nishnaabeg Re-Creation, Resurgence, and a New Emergence activist, editor, and educator Leanne Simpson asserts reconciliation must be grounded in political resurgence and must support the regeneration of Indigenous languages, oral cultures, and traditions of governance. Simpson explores philosophies and pathways of regeneration, resurgence, and a new emergence through the Nishnaabeg language, Creation Stories, walks with Elders and children, celebrations and protests, and meditations on these experiences. She stresses the importance of illuminating Indigenous intellectual traditions to transform their relationship to the Canadian state. Challenging and original, Dancing on Our Turtle’s Back provides a valuable new perspective on the struggles of Indigenous Peoples.”
Available at Scott Library
Simpson, Leanne Betasamosake. 2013.“Politics Based on Justice, Diplomacy Based on Love: What Indigenous Diplomatic Traditions Can Teach Us” Briarpatch Magazine.
Abstract: NA
https://briarpatchmagazine.com/articles/view/politics-based-on-justice-diplomacy-based-on-love
Sinclair, Raven. 2007. “Identity Lost and Found: Lessons from the sixties scoop” in First Peoples Child & Family Review. 3 (1): 65 – 82.
Abstract by author: “The “Sixties Scoop” describes a period in Aboriginal history in Canada in which thousands of Aboriginal children were removed from birth families and placed in non-Aboriginal environments. Despite literature that indicates adoption breakdown rates of 85-95%, recent research with adults adopted as children indicates that some adoptees have found solace through reacculturating to their birth culture and contextualizing their adoptions within colonial history. This article explores the history of Aboriginal adoption in Canada and examines some of the issues of transracial adoption through the lens of psychology theories to aid understanding of identity conflicts facing Aboriginal adoptees. The article concludes with recommendations towards a paradigm shift in adoption policy as it pertains to Aboriginal children.”
Singh, Jakeet. 2014. “Recognition and Self-Determination: Approaches from Above and Below.” In Recognition Versus Self-Determination: Dilemmas of Emancipatory Politics, eds. Andrée Boisselle, Glen Coulthard, Avigail Eisenberg, Jeremy H. A. Webber, Vancouver: UBC Press.
Book description by publisher: “The political concept of recognition has introduced new ways of thinking about the relationship between minorities and justice in plural societies. But is a politics informed by recognition valuable to minorities today? Contributors to this volume examine the successes and failures of struggles for recognition and self-determination in relation to claims of religious groups, cultural minorities, and indigenous peoples on territories associated with Canada, the United States, Europe, Latin America, India, New Zealand, and Australia. The chapters look at cultural recognition in the context of public policy about intellectual and physical property, membership practices, and independence movements, while probing debates about toleration, democratic citizenship, and colonialism. Together the contributions point to a distinctive set of challenges posed by a politics of recognition and self-determination to peoples seeking emancipation from unjust relations. A resource for community advocates and leaders working and living at the forward edge of indigenous politics, it will also interest political scientists, sociologists, and legal scholars.”
Slowey, Gabrielle A. 2001. “Globalization and Self-Government: Impacts and Implications For First Nations in Canada.” The American Review of Canadian Studies. 31(1&2): 265-81.
Abstract: NA
Slowey, Gabrielle A. 2009. “A Fine Balance: Aboriginal Peoples in the Canadian North and the Dilemma of Development”, In First Nations First Thoughts: The Impact of Indigenous Thought in Canada, ed. Annis May Timpson. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.
Book description by publisher: “Countless books and articles have traced the impact of colonialism and public policy on Canada’s First Nations, but few have explored the impact of Aboriginal thought on public discourse and policy development in Canada. First Nations, First Thoughts brings together Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal scholars who cut through the prevailing orthodoxy to reveal Indigenous thinkers and activists as a pervasive presence in diverse political, historical, constitutional, and cultural debates. It examines the impact of Indigenous thought in multiple arenas, including urban spaces, universities, the courts, governments, archives, and museums. This innovative, thought-provoking collection encourages us to imagine a stronger, fairer Canada, one in which Aboriginal self-government and expression can be fully realized”
Slowey, Gabrielle A. 2013. “Game-Changer? Resource Development and First Nations in Alberta and Ontario.” In Canada: The State of the Federation, eds. Martin Papillion and Andre Juneau. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen’s University Press.
Book description by publisher: “In Duty Bound is an unprecedented look at Upper Canada's forgotten people and the ways in which their lives were by necessity bound in a mutual relationship of duty and obligation to the Upper Canadian state. This neglected area of Canada's history has been preserved, in part, in the form of personal petitions submitted to the lieutenant-governor and legislature for land, government jobs, pensions, pardons and the lessening of court sentences, for compensation for damages done by, or work done for, the state, and for relief. Using these and other previously unexamined government records, J.K. Johnson illustrates that, popular knowledge aside, Upper Canada was not simply a land of self-sufficient farmers and artisans and that many had to turn to and rely on the state for their livelihoods. The major themes of Upper Canada's history, from war and rebellion to immigration and settlement, are well-documented. In Duty Bound fleshes out the lives of ordinary people in Upper Canada and clarifies how several branches of government worked for, or against, the interests of the population.”
Available at Osgoode Hall Law School Library
Slowey, Gabrielle A. 2015. “Development at What Cost? First Nations, Ecological Integrity and Democracy,” with Lorna Stefanick. In Alberta Oil and the Decline of Democracy in Canada, eds. Meenal Shrivastava and Lorna Stefanick. Athabasca: University of Athabasca.
Book description by publisher: “Prior to May 2015, the oil-rich jurisdiction of Alberta had, for over four decades, been a one-party state. During that time, the rule of the Progressive Conservatives essentially went unchallenged, with critiques of government policy falling on deaf ears and Alberta ranking behind other provinces in voter turnout. Given the province’s economic reliance on oil revenues, a symbiotic relationship also developed between government and the oil industry. Cross-national studies have detected a correlation between oil-dependent economies and authoritarian rule, a pattern particularly evident in Africa and the Middle East. Alberta Oil and the Decline of Democracy in Canada sets out to test the “oil inhibits democracy” hypothesis in the context of an industrialized nation in the Global North. In probing the impact of Alberta’s powerful oil lobby on the health of democracy in the province, contributors to the volume engage with an ongoing discussion of the erosion of political liberalism in the West. In addition to examining energy policy and issues of government accountability in Alberta, they explore the ramifications of oil dependence in areas such as Aboriginal rights, environmental policy, labour law, women’s equity, urban social policy, and the arts. If, as they argue, reliance on oil has weakened democratic structures in Alberta, then what of Canada as whole, where the short-term priorities of the oil industry continue to shape federal policy? The findings in this book suggest that, to revitalize democracy, provincial and federal leaders alike must find the courage to curb the influence of the oil industry on governance.”
Slowey, Gabrielle A. “Unfinished Business: Self-government and the JBQNA Thirty Years Later”, in Yale Belanger, ed. Aboriginal Self-Government in Canada: Current Trends and Issues 3rd ed. (Saskatchewan: Purich Publishing, 2008), 206-221.
Abstract: NA
Slowey, Gabrielle A. 2008. “The State, The Marketplace and First Nations: Theorizing Aboriginal Self-Determination in an era of Globalization.” In Power Struggles: Hydro-Development and First Nations in Manitoba and Quebec, eds. Thibault Martin and Steven M. Hoffman. Winnipeg: University of Manitoba Press.
Book description by publisher: “Power Struggles: Hydro Development and First Nations in Manitoba and Quebec examines the evolution of new agreements between First Nations and Inuit and the hydro corporations in Quebec and Manitoba, including the Wuskwatim Dam Project, Paix des Braves, and the Great Whale Project. In the 1970s, both provinces signed so-called “modern treaties” with First Nations for the development of large hydro projects in Aboriginal territories. In recent times, however, the two provinces have diverged in their implementation, and public opinion of these agreements has ranged from celebratory to outrage. Power Struggles brings together perspectives on these issues from both scholars and activists. In debating the relative merits and limits of these agreements, they raise a crucial question: Is Canada on the eve of a new relationship with First Nations, or do the same colonial attitudes that have long characterized Canadian-Aboriginal relations still prevail?”
Slowey, Gabrielle A. 2007. “Federalism and First Nations: Finding Space for Aboriginal Governments,” In Constructing Tomorrow’s Federalism: New Routes to Effective Governance, ed. Ian Peach. Winnipeg: University of Manitoba Press.
Book description by publisher: “Governance of the federation is more complex today than ever before: perennial issues of federalism remain unresolved, conflicts continue over the legitimacy of federal spending power, and the accommodation of Quebec nationalism and Aboriginal self-government within the federation is a persistent and precarious concern. From discussions on democracy and distinctiveness to explorations of self-governance and power imbalances, Constructing Tomorrow’s Federalism tests assertions from scholars and practitioners on the legitimacy and future of the state of the federation. In this broad collection of essays, fifteen scholars and political leaders identify options for the future governance of Canada and contribute to a renewed civic discourse on what it means to govern ourselves as a liberal democracy and a multinational federation.”
https://uofmpress.ca/books/detail/constructing-tomorrows-federalism
Slowey, Gabrielle A. 2000. “Neoliberalism and the Project of Self-Government,” In Citizens or Consumers? Social Policy in a Market Society, eds. Dave Broad and Wayne Antony. Halifax: Fernwood Press.
Book description by publisher: “Social policy is about citizens choosing the kind of society they want to live in. The mid-20th Century Keynesian welfare state can be seen as a citizenship package which included acceptance of intervention by the state to maintain economic growth and social stability, that meant the inclusion of many previously excluded groups in the social policy process and the institutionalization of a collective responsibility for individual welfare. But, with the ascendancy of neo-liberalism, the politics of citizenship is being replaced by a notion of citizens as consumers, whose medium of social interaction and source of economic and social security is the capitalist market. This book is concerned with social welfare problems and the need for citizen participation in addressing those problems. While all of the authors are critical of the current neo-liberal orthodoxy, none advocates a return to the status quo ante of the post-World War II welfare state. The essays are grouped into three parts: conceptual critiques of neo-liberal social policy; specific empirical analyses of the neo-liberal counter-revolution; and conceptual and practical responses for moving beyond neo-liberalism.”
Available at Scott Library
https://books.google.ca/books/about/Citizens_Or_Consumers.html?id=ZKQbAQAAMAAJ&redir_esc=y
Smith, Linda Tuhiwai. 1999. Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples. Zed Books and University of Otago Press.
Book description by publisher: “To the colonized, the term 'research' is conflated with European colonialism; the ways in which academic research has been implicated in the throes of imperialism remains a painful memory. This essential volume explores intersections of imperialism and research - specifically, the ways in which imperialism is embedded in disciplines of knowledge and tradition as 'regimes of truth.' Concepts such as 'discovery' and 'claiming' are discussed and an argument presented that the decolonization of research methods will help to reclaim control over indigenous ways of knowing and being. Now in its eagerly awaited third edition, this bestselling book includes a co-written introduction and features contributions from indigenous scholars on the book's continued relevance to current research. It also features a chapter with twenty-five indigenous projects and a collection of poetry.”
https://www.bloomsbury.com/ca/decolonizing-methodologies-9781786998132/
Smith, Malinda with Kimberly Gamarro and Mansharn Toor. 2017. "A Dirty Dozen: Unconscious Race and Gender Biases in the Academy." In The Equity Myth: Racialization and Indigeneity at Canadian Universities. Vancouver: UBC Press.
Book description by publisher: “The university is often regarded as a bastion of liberal democracy where equity and diversity are promoted and racism doesn’t exist. In reality, the university still excludes many people and is a site of racialization that is subtle, complex, and sophisticated. While some studies do point to the persistence of systemic barriers to equity and diversity in higher education, in-depth analyses of racism, racialization, and Indigeneity in the academy are more notable for their absence. The Equity Myth is the first comprehensive, data-based study of racialized and Indigenous faculty members’ experiences in Canadian universities. Challenging the myth of equity in higher education, this book brings together leading scholars who scrutinize what universities have done and question the effectiveness of their equity programs. The authors draw on a rich body of survey data and interviews to examine the experiences of racialized faculty members across Canada who – despite diversity initiatives in their respective institutions – have yet to see changes in everyday working conditions. They also make important recommendations as to how universities can address racialization and fulfill the promise of equity in higher education. A landmark study on racism in Canadian universities, The Equity Myth shows how the goal of achieving equity in higher education has been consistently promised, but never realized for racialized and Indigenous faculty members. It further reveals that the policies and diversity initiatives undertaken so far have only served to deflect criticism of a system that is doing little to change itself. The book will be appeal to anyone interested in the issue of equity within the university setting. This includes faculty members from many disciplines; administrators at all levels; students and graduate students; and people interested in equity issues outside of academia.”
Available at Scott Library
Snelgrove, C., Dhamoon, R., & Corntassel, J. 2014. “Unsettling Settler Colonialism: The Discourse and Politics of Settlers, and Solidarity with Indigenous Nations". Decolonization: lndigeneity, Education & Society, no. 2 :1-32.
Abstract by author: “Our goal in this article is to intervene and disrupt current contentious debates regarding the predominant lines of inquiry bourgeoning in settler colonial studies, the use of ‘settler’, and the politics of building solidarities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples. Settler colonial studies, ‘settler’, and solidarity, then, operate as the central themes of this paper. While somewhat jarring, our assessment of the debates is interspersed with our discussions in their original form, as we seek to explore possible lines of solidarity, accountability, and relationality to one another and to decolonization struggles both locally and globally. Our overall conclusion is that without centering Indigenous peoples’ articulations, without deploying a relational approach to settler colonial power, and without paying attention to the conditions and contingency of settler colonialism, studies of settler colonialism and practices of solidarity run the risk of reifying (and possibly replicating) settler colonial as well as other modes of domination.”
https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/des/article/view/21166
Stanton, Kim. 2011. “Canada's Truth and Reconciliation Commission: Settling the Past?" International Indigenous Policy Journal, suppl. Truth and Reconciliation 2(3).
Abstract by publication: “The Indian Residential Schools (IRS) system has been referred to as "Canada's greatest national shame". The IRS system is now the subject of the Canadian Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC). Unlike other truth commissions that have been created due to regime change, where a majority of citizens sought a truth-seeking process, Canada's TRC arose as a result of protracted litigation by survivors of the IRS system against the government and churches that ran the schools. This article reviews the genesis of TRC in a legal settlement agreement, along with some of the challenges this origin entails.”
Starblanket, Gina. 2017. “Being Indigenous Feminists: Resurgences Against Colonial Patriarchy.” In Making Space for Indigenous Feminism (2nd), ed. Joyce Green. Halifax and Winnipeg: Fernwood Press.
Book description by publisher: “The first edition of Making Space for Indigenous Feminism proposed that Indigenous feminism was a valid and indeed essential theoretical and activist position, and introduced a roster of important Indigenous feminist contributors. This new edition builds on the success and research of the first and provides updated and new chapters that cover a wide range of some of the most important issues facing Indigenous peoples today: violence against women, recovery of Indigenous self-determination, racism, misogyny and decolonization. Specifically, new chapters deal with Indigenous resurgence, feminism amongst the Sami and in Aboriginal Australia, neoliberal restructuring in Oaxaca, Canada’s settler racism and sexism, and missing and murdered Indigenous women and girls in Canada. Written by Indigenous feminists and allies, this book provides a powerful and original intellectual and political contribution demonstrating that feminism has much to offer Indigenous women, and all Indigenous peoples, in their struggles against oppression.”
Available at Scott Library
https://fernwoodpublishing.ca/book/making-space-for-indigenous-feminism693
Stewart-Harawira, Makere. 2005. “Indigenous Peoples and the World Order of Sovereign States” In The New Imperial Order: Indigenous Responses to Globalization. New York: Zed Books.
Abstract by publisher: “Starting from a Maori perspective, this book examines the development of international law and the world order of nation states. In engaging with these issues across macro and micro levels, the international arena, the national state and forms of regionalism are identified as sites for the reshaping of the global politico-economic order and the emergence of Empire. Overarching these problems is the emergence of a new form of global domination in which the connecting roles of militarism and the economy, and the increase in technologies of surveillance and control have acquired overt significance.”
Available at Scott Library
Tester, Frank James and Peter Kulchyski. 1994. “Introduction” In Tammarniit (Mistakes): Inuit Relocation in the Eastern Arctic. Vancouver: UBC Press.
Book description by publisher: “Through an examination of the roles of relief and relocation in response to welfare and other perceived problems and the federal government’s overall goal of assimilating the Inuit into the dominant Canadian culture, this book questions the seeming benevolence of the post-Second World War Canadian welfare state. The authors have made extensive use of archival documents, many of which have not been available to researchers before. The early chapters cover the first wave of government expansion in the north, the policy debate that resulted in the decision to relocate Inuit, and the actual movement of people and materials. The second half of the book focuses on conditions following relocation and addresses the second wave of state expansion in the late fifties and the emergence of a new dynamic of intervention.”
“There Can Be No Electoral Reform Without Indigenous Input.” 2016. The Globe and Mail. November 8th.
Abstract: NA
Thobani, Sunera. 2007. Exalted Subjects: Studies in the Making of Race and Nation in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Book description by publisher: “Questions of national identity, indigenous rights, citizenship, and migration have acquired unprecedented relevance in this age of globalization. In Exalted Subjects, noted feminist scholar Sunera Thobani examines the meanings and complexities of these questions in a Canadian context. Based in the theoretical traditions of political economy and cultural / post-colonial studies, this book examines how the national subject has been conceptualized in Canada at particular historical junctures, and how state policies and popular practices have exalted certain subjects over others. Foregrounding the concept of 'race' as a critical relation of power, Thobani examines how processes of racialization contribute to sustaining and replenishing the politics of nation formation and national subjectivity. She challenges the popular notion that the significance of racialized practices in Canada has declined in the post Second World War period, and traces key continuities and discontinuities in these practices from Confederation into the present. Drawing on historical sociology and discursive analyses, Thobani examines how the state seeks to 'fix' and 'stabilize' its subjects in relation to the nation's 'others.' A controversial, ground-breaking study, Exalted Subjects makes a major contribution to our understanding of the racialized and gendered underpinnings of both nation and subject formation.”
Todd, K. (Filmmaker), Snyder, E. (Producer), & McBeth, R (Associate Producer). [Online video series]. Indigenous law: an introduction; Indigenous law, gender, and sexuality; Indigenous law: tough questions. Indigenous City Media and the UVic Indigenous Law Research Unit.
https://uvicindigenouslaws.ca/resource-library-2/widgets/78526/videos/6401
Tomiak, Julie. 2017. “Contesting the Settler City: Indigenous Self-determination, New Urban Reserves, and the Neoliberalization of Colonialism.” Antipode 49 (4): 928-945.
Abstract by author: “In settler colonial contexts the historical and ongoing dispossession and displacement of Indigenous peoples is foundational to understanding the production of urban space. What does it mean that cities in what is now known as Canada are Indigenous places and premised on the ongoing dispossession of Indigenous peoples? What roles do new urban reserves play in subverting or reinforcing the colonial‐capitalist sociospatial order? This paper examines these questions in relation to new urban reserves in Canada. Most common in the Prairie provinces, new urban reserves are satellite land holdings of First Nation communities located outside of the city. While the settler state narrowly confines new urban reserves to neoliberal agendas, First Nations are successfully advancing reserve creation to generate economic self‐sufficiency, exercise self‐determination, and subvert settler state boundaries. I argue that new urban reserves are contradictory spaces, as products and vehicles of settler‐colonial state power and Indigenous resistance and place‐making.”
Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC). (2015). “Honouring the Truth, Reconciling for the Future: Summary of the Final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada.”
Book description by publisher: “The findings and recommendations of Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada’s Final Report are essential knowledge for those who live and do business in Canada, and especially for those whose business activities immediately affect Indigenous communities. Drawing on six years of testimony from witnesses, this resource explains the history of Indigenous cultural genocide in Canada, including the legacy of the residential school system and of institutional discrimination and assimilation; explores the challenges of reconciliation against enduring colonial politics and economics; and issues 94 calls to action that your organisation can directly or indirectly advance.”
Tuck, Eve and Wayne K. Yang. 2014. “Unbecoming Claims: Pedagogies of Refusal in Qualitative Research." Qualitative Inquiry 20, no. 6: 811-818.
Abstract by author: “This article discusses the role of refusal in the analysis and communication of qualitative data, that is, the role of refusal in the work of making claims. Refusal is not just a no, but a generative stance, situated in a critical understanding of settler colonialism and its regimes of representation. Refusals are needed to counter narratives and images arising (becoming-claims) in social science research that diminish personhood or sovereignty, or rehumiliate when circulated. Refusal, in this article, refers to a stance or an approach to analyzing data within a matrix of commitments, histories, allegiances, and resonances that inform what can be known within settler colonial research frames, and what must be kept out of reach.”
Turner, Dale. 2006. “White Paper Liberalism and the Problem of Aboriginal Participation.” In This is Not a Peace Pipe: Towards a Critical Indigenous Philosophy. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Book description by publisher: “How can indigenous people best assert their legal and political distinctiveness? In This is Not a Peace Pipe, Dale Turner explores indigenous intellectual culture and its relationship to, and within, the dominant Euro-American culture. He contends that indigenous intellectuals need to engage the legal and political discourses of the state, respecting both indigenous philosophies and Western European intellectual traditions. According to Turner, the intellectual conversation about the meaning of indigenous rights, sovereignty, and nationhood must begin by recognizing, firstly, that the discourses of the state have evolved with very little if any participation from indigenous peoples and, secondly, that there are unique ways of understanding the world embedded in indigenous communities. Further, amongst indigenous peoples, a division of intellectual labour must be invoked between philosophers, who possess and practice indigenous forms of knowledge, and those who have been educated in the universities and colleges of the Euro-American world. This latter group, Turner argues, must assert, protect, and defend the integrity of indigenous rights, sovereignty, and nationhood, as they are the ones able to 'speak the language' of the dominant culture while being guided by their indigenous philosophies. This is Not a Peace Pipe is a work that will be controversial amongst indigenous scholars by upsetting the assumptions many have about how best to fight for recognition of their legal and political distinctiveness. It will be debated for years to come.”
Turner, Dale. 2006. “White Paper Liberalism and the Problem of Aboriginal Participation.” In This is Not a Peace Pipe: Towards a Critical Indigenous Philosophy. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Book description by publisher: “How can indigenous people best assert their legal and political distinctiveness? In This is Not a Peace Pipe, Dale Turner explores indigenous intellectual culture and its relationship to, and within, the dominant Euro-American culture. He contends that indigenous intellectuals need to engage the legal and political discourses of the state, respecting both indigenous philosophies and Western European intellectual traditions. According to Turner, the intellectual conversation about the meaning of indigenous rights, sovereignty, and nationhood must begin by recognizing, firstly, that the discourses of the state have evolved with very little if any participation from indigenous peoples and, secondly, that there are unique ways of understanding the world embedded in indigenous communities. Further, amongst indigenous peoples, a division of intellectual labour must be invoked between philosophers, who possess and practice indigenous forms of knowledge, and those who have been educated in the universities and colleges of the Euro-American world. This latter group, Turner argues, must assert, protect, and defend the integrity of indigenous rights, sovereignty, and nationhood, as they are the ones able to 'speak the language' of the dominant culture while being guided by their indigenous philosophies. This is Not a Peace Pipe is a work that will be controversial amongst indigenous scholars by upsetting the assumptions many have about how best to fight for recognition of their legal and political distinctiveness. It will be debated for years to come.”
Turner, Dale. 2014. “On the Idea of Reconciliation in Contemporary Aboriginal Politics.” In Reconciling Canada: Critical Perspectives on the Culture of Redress, eds. Jennifer Henderson and Pauline Wakeham. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Book description by publisher: “Truth and reconciliation commissions and official governmental apologies continue to surface worldwide as mechanisms for coming to terms with human rights violations and social atrocities. As the first scholarly collection to explore the intersections and differences between a range of redress cases that have emerged in Canada in recent decades, Reconciling Canada provides readers with the contexts for understanding the phenomenon of reconciliation as it has played out in this multicultural settler state. In this volume, leading scholars in the humanities and social sciences relate contemporary political and social efforts to redress wrongs to the fraught history of government relations with Aboriginal and diasporic populations. The contributors offer ground-breaking perspectives on Canada’s ‘culture of redress,’ broaching questions of law and constitutional change, political coalitions, commemoration, testimony, and literatures of injury and its aftermath. Also assembled together for the first time is a collection of primary documents – including government reports, parliamentary debates, and redress movement statements – prefaced with contextual information. Reconciling Canada provides a vital and immensely relevant illumination of the dynamics of reconciliation, apology, and redress in contemporary Canada.”
UN General Assembly. 2007. United Nations Declaration on the Rights of lndigenous Peoples: resolution/adopted by the General Assembly.
Abstract: NA
Venne, Sharon. 1997. “Understanding Treaty 6: An Indigenous Perspective.” In Aboriginal Treaty Rights in Canada: Essays of Law, Equality, and Respect for Difference, ed. Michael Asch. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.
Abstract: NA
Veracini, Lorenzo. 2010. “Introduction: The Settler Colonial Situation.” In Settler Colonialism: A Theoretical Overview. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Book description by publisher: “A vivid exploration of the history of a very powerful and long lasting idea: building European worlds outside of Europe. Veracini outlines how the founding of new societies was envisaged and practiced and explores the specific ways in which settler colonial projects tried to establish ideal and regenerated political bodies.”
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/york/detail.action?docID=668205
Veracini, Lorenzo. 2011. “Introducing: Settler Colonial Studies" Settler Colonial Studies 1:1-12.
Abstract by author: “settler colonial studies aims to contribute to the consolidation of a new scholarly field. This process requires that colonial and settler colonial phenomena be analytically disentangled. They have generally been seen either as entirely separate, or as different manifestations of colonialism at large. Neither stance, however, allows a proper appraisal of settler colonialism in its specificity. In contrast, in this introduction to this new scholarly journal, I suggest that colonialism and settler colonialism should be understood in their dialectical relation. On the basis of this distinction, in the second part of this introduction I reflect on the need to develop dedicated interpretative tools capable of sustaining an approach to the decolonisation of settler colonial formations.”
https://www-tandfonline-com.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca/doi/abs/10.1080/2201473X.2011.10648799
Walcott, Rinaldo. 2011. “Into the Ranks of Man: Vicious Modernism and the Politics of Reconciliation.” In Cultivating Canada: Reconciliation through the Lens of Cultural Diversity, eds. Ashok Mather, Jonathan Dewar and Mike DeGagné. Aboriginal Healing Foundation Research Series: 341 – 350.
Abstract: NA
Walter, Maggie and Chris Andersen. 2013. Indigenous Statistics: A Quantitative Research Methodology. Walnut Creek: Left Coast Press.
Abstract by author: “In the first book ever published on Indigenous quantitative methodologies, Maggie Walter and Chris Andersen open up a major new approach to research across the disciplines and applied fields. While qualitative methods have been rigorously critiqued and reformulated, the population statistics relied on by virtually all research on Indigenous peoples continue to be taken for granted as straightforward, transparent numbers. This book dismantles that persistent positivism with a forceful critique, then fills the void with a new paradigm for Indigenous quantitative methods, using concrete examples of research projects from First World Indigenous peoples in the United States, Australia, and Canada. Concise and accessible, it is an ideal supplementary text as well as a core component of the methodological toolkit for anyone conducting Indigenous research or using Indigenous population statistics.”
Watt-Cloutier, Sheila. 2016. “Chapter 4: Finding Our Voice” In The Right to Be Cold: One Woman’s Story of Protecting Her Culture, The Arctic and the Whole Planet. Toronto: Penguin.
Book description by publisher: “The Arctic ice is receding each year, but just as irreplaceable is the culture, the wisdom that has allowed the Inuit to thrive in the Far North for so long. And it's not just the Arctic. The whole world is changing in dangerous, unpredictable ways. Sheila Watt-Cloutier has devoted her life to protecting what is threatened and nurturing what has been wounded. In this culmination of Watt-Cloutier's regional, national, and international work over the last twenty-five years, The Right to Be Cold explores the parallels between safeguarding the Arctic and the survival of Inuit culture, of which her own background is such an extraordinary example. This is a human story of resilience, commitment, and survival told from the unique vantage point of an Inuk woman who, in spite of many obstacles, rose from humble beginnings in the Arctic to become one of the most influential and decorated environmental, cultural, and human rights advocates in the world.”
Available at Scott Library
Waziyatawin and Michael Yellow Bird, eds. (2012). For Indigenous Minds Only: A Decolonization Handbook. Santa Fe: School of American Research Press.
Book description by publisher: “For Indigenous Minds Only features Indigenous scholars, writers, and activists who have collaborated for the creation of a sequel to For Indigenous Eyes Only (SAR Press, 2005). The title reflects an understanding that decolonizing actions must begin in the mind, and that creative, consistent decolonized thinking shapes and empowers the brain, which in turn provides a major prime for positive change. Included in this book are discussions of global collapse, what to consider in returning to a land-based existence, demilitarization for imperial purposes and re-militarization for Indigenous purposes, survival strategies for tribal prisoners, moving beyond the nation-state model, a land-based educational model, personal decolonization, decolonization strategies for youth in custody, and decolonizing gender roles. As with For Indigenous Eyes Only, the authors do not intend to provide universal solutions for problems stemming from centuries of colonialism. Rather, they hope to facilitate and encourage critical thinking skills while offering recommendations for fostering community discussions and plans for purposeful community action. For Indigenous Minds Only will serve an important need within Indigenous communities for years to come.”
Available at Scott Library
WEA and NYSHM. 2016. The Violence on the Land, Violence on Our Bodies. Building an Indigenous Response to Environmental Violence. Berkeley & Toronto, Women’s Earth Alliance and Native Youth Sexual Health Network.
Summary by author: “In 2014, Women’s Earth Alliance (WEA) and Native Youth Sexual Health Network (NYSHN) began a multi-year initiative to document the ways that North American Indigenous women and young people’s safety and health are impacted by extractive industries. We also aimed to support their leadership in resisting environmental violence in their communities. WEA invests in training and supporting grassroots women to drive solutions to our most pressing ecological concerns—water, food, land, and climate. NYSHN is a network by and for Indigenous youth that works across issues of sexual and reproductive health, rights, and justice in the United States and Canada.”
http://landbodydefense.org/uploads/files/VLVBReportToolkit2016.pdf
Wildcat et al. 2017. “An Argument for Indigenous Content Requirements: How Indigenous Content Requirements Can Help Uproot Canada’s Colonial Identity and How They’ll Help us Build a Stronger Future.”
Abstract: NA
Wildcat, Matthew. 2015. “Fearing social and Cultural Death: Genocide and Elimination in Settler Colonial Canada-An Indigenous Perspective.” Journal of Genocide Research 17, no. 4: 391-409.
Abstract by author: “This article reviews recent works on Indigenous politics and history in the Canadian context to produce insights about genocide in the Canadian context. The article is situated primarily in the field of Indigenous studies while also drawing on the field of settler colonial studies. It begins with contemplation of the concept of genocide and related terms in the Canadian context. The author suggests that it is useful to apply the concept of elimination developed by Patrick Wolfe to studies of genocide. The article then turns to Mohawk Interruptus with significant emphasis placed on how author Audra Simpson theorizes the concept of ‘refusal’ and the ‘fear of social and political death’. The last part of the article focuses on two books that examine the late nineteenth-century northern plains: Metis and the Medicine Line by Michel Hogue and Clearing the Plains by James Daschuk. These books succeed in detailing the great changes that occurred as the fur trade era fell away and a settler colonial regime emerged on the Canadian plains. For Indigenous peoples, these changes had, and continue to have, devastating consequences. Drawing heavily on the insights of Simpson, the second half of the article argues that studying the late nineteenth-century northern plains produces important methodological insights about the study of genocide in Canada.”
Wilson, Gary N. 2007. “Inuit Diplomacy in the Circumpolar North.” Canadian Foreign Policy. 13 (3): 65 – 80.
Abstract by author: “Over the past three decades, the Inuit peoples of the circumpolar north have played an increasingly important and influential role in Arctic affairs. Multilateral, transnational organizations such as the Inuit Circumpolar Conference (ICC) have represented and defended Inuit interests and have participated directly with international and state agencies, as well as other non‐governmental organizations, in a number of important environmental and development initiatives. This diplomatic effort is multi‐faceted and draws considerable strength from the efforts of particular individuals who have championed the Inuit cause. Although the ICC will find that its collective influence in the future is challenged by internal divisions, a lack of capacity, and bilateralism, all of which are affected by the increasing regional autonomy of Inuit regions, this organization will remain at the forefront of Inuit efforts to respond to the political, economic, and social challenges facing the circumpolar north.”
Wolfe, Patrick. 2006. "Settler Colonialism and the Elimination of the Native." Journal of Genocide Research 8(4) :387-409.
Abstract: NA
Viswanathan, Leela. “Decolonization, Recognition, and Reconciliation in Reforming Land Use Policy and Planning with First Nations in Southern Ontario. In Dialogues in Urban and Regional Planning: The Right to the City, eds. Christopher Silver, Robert Freeston, and Christophe Demazier. New York: Routledge.
Abstract by publisher: “This chapter examines the potential for applying the concept of decolonization and principles of recognition and reconciliation to reforming land use planning and policy with First Nations in Southern Ontario, with the intention of enhancing Indigenous rights to planning cities and regions. The author presents a case study of the revision of the Ontario Provincial Policy Statement (PPS) in 2014 involving a collaboration of Indigenous and non-Indigenous researchers and planning practitioners to show how First Nations in Southern Ontario are involved in informing, managing, and mitigating land use planning and development processes on First Nations’ traditional territories. The paper concludes that formal policies and plans encouraging and/or mandating recognition of First Nations and reconciliation between First Nations and non-First Nations must be tested or run the risk of becoming largely symbolic gestures. The principles of recognition and reconciliation can translate into planning practice when practitioners incorporate the principles as attributes to their own practice and use the policies as precedents to change the course of development affecting First Nations’ traditional lands.”
Yiftachel, O. 1998. Planning and Social Control: Exploring the “dark side”. Journal of Planning Literature 12 (4): 395-406.
Abstract by author: “Theories of urban and regional planning have been deficient, neglecting to account sufficiently for its use as a tool of social control and oppression. The article argues that planning's well-documented progressive potential should be understood as being structurally accompanied by a more sinister dark side. It develops a conceptual framework within which the 'planning as control' can be theorized and studied, and by linking the public production of space to recent social science and Foucauldian debates on state and nation-building. The framework delineates four principal dimensions: territorial, procedural, socioeconomic, and cultural, each with a capacity to influence intergroup relations. These dimensions should be understood as double-edged, with the influence of each potentially stretching between emancipatory reform and oppressive control. This article concludes by offering some explanations for the neglect of the dark side by most theorists, and by sketching a future agenda for a revised critical theory of planning.”
Youngblood Henderson, James (Sa’ke’j). 2002. “Sui Generis and Treaty Citizenship.” Citizenship Studies 6 (4): 415-426.
Abstract by author: “This article, written from an Aboriginal perspective, explores the problematic invitation to federal citizenship in Canada for Aboriginal peoples. Its focus is on the deficits of such an offering for the constitutional rights of Aboriginal peoples, which is characterized by sui generis and treaty citizenship. Informed by Aboriginal and intercultural perspectives, the article argues that the offerings of statutory citizenship for Aboriginal peoples inverts rather than respects the constitutional relationship. It looks at how the Supreme Court of Canada has located and structured sui generis Aboriginal orders, the concepts of sui generis citizenship, treaty federalism, and constitutional supremacy as compared with the idea of federal citizenship, concluding that such 'invitations' to Canadian citizenship are inconsistent with and infringe upon the constitutional rights of Aboriginal peoples. By understanding the prismatic nature of Canadian federalism in a postcolonial context, this article aims at reconceptualizing Canadian citizenship in terms of ecological belonging, fundamental rights, and respect for human diversity and creativity.”
Younging, Greg, J. Dewar, et al., eds. 2009. Response, Responsibility and Renewal: Canada’s Truth and Reconciliation Journey. Ottawa: Aboriginal Healing Foundation.
Book description by publisher: “"This is the second installment in a two-volume set produced by the Aboriginal Healing Foundation. This volume contains personal reflections on the opportunities and challenges posed by the truth and reconciliation process, which was constituted in the 2006 Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement, to aid in the deliberation of work facing Canada’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission" (Response, Responsibility, and Renewal : Canada's Truth and Reconciliation Journey, pg. ix).
Available at Scott Library
Gordon, Jessica, Sylvia McAdam, Sheelah McLean, and Nina Wilson. “The Idle No More Manifesto.”
Abstract: NA
https://idlenomore.ca/canada-must-read-the-reconciliation-manifesto-edition-unsettling-canada-150/